FoSSaCS 2004: Foundations of Software Science and Computation Structures pp 333-347 | Cite as
Bisimulation on Speed: Lower Time Bounds
Abstract
More than a decade ago, Moller and Tofts published their seminal work on relating processes that are annotated with lower time bounds, with respect to speed. Their paper has left open many questions concerning the semantic theory for their suggested bisimulation–based faster–than preorder, the MT–preorder, which have not been addressed since. The encountered difficulties concern a general compositionality result, a complete axiom system for finite processes, and a convincing intuitive justification of the MT–preorder.
This paper solves these difficulties by developing and employing novel tools for reasoning in discrete–time process algebra, in particular a general commutation lemma relating the sequencing of action and clock transitions. Most importantly, it is proved that the MT–preorder is fully–abstract with respect to a natural amortized preorder that uses a simple bookkeeping mechanism for deciding whether one process is faster than another. Together these results reveal the intuitive roots of the MT–preorder as a faster–than relation, while testifying to its semantic elegance. This lifts some of the barriers that have so far hampered progress in semantic theories for comparing the speed of processes.
Keywords
Semantic Theory Operational Semantic Parallel Composition Process Algebra Time BoundReferences
- 1.Aceto, L., Ingólfsdóttir, A., Pedersen, M.L., Poulsen, J.: Characteristic formulae for timed automata. RAIRO, Theoretical Informatics and Applications 34, 565–584 (2000)MATHCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 2.Aceto, L., Murphy, D.: Timing and causality in process algebra. Acta Inform. 33(4), 317–350 (1996)MATHCrossRefMathSciNetGoogle Scholar
- 3.Arun-Kumar, S., Hennessy, M.C.B.: An efficiency preorder for processes. Acta Inform. 29(8), 737–760 (1992)MATHCrossRefMathSciNetGoogle Scholar
- 4.Arun-Kumar, S., Natarajan, V.: Conformance: A precongruence close to bisimilarity. In: STRICT 1995, Workshops in Comp. pp.55–68. Springer, Heidelberg,(1995)Google Scholar
- 5.Badouel, E., Darondeau, P.: On guarded recursion. TCS 82(2), 403–408 (1991)MATHCrossRefMathSciNetGoogle Scholar
- 6.Baeten, J.C.M., Middelburg, C.A.: Process algebra with timing: Real time and discrete time. In: Bergstra, et al. (eds.) [7], ch. 10, pp. 627–684.Google Scholar
- 7.Bergstra, J.A., Ponse, A., Smolka, S.A. (eds.): Handbook of Process Algebra. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam (2001)MATHGoogle Scholar
- 8.Cleaveland, R., Lüttgen, G., Mendler, M.: An algebraic theory of multiple clocks. In: Mazurkiewicz, A., Winkowski, J. (eds.) CONCUR 1997. LNCS, vol. 1243, pp. 166–180. Springer, Heidelberg (1997)Google Scholar
- 9.Cleaveland, R., Sims, S.: The NCSU Concurrency Workbench. In: Alur, R., Henzinger, T.A. (eds.) CAV 1996. LNCS, vol. 1102, pp. 394–397. Springer, Heidelberg (1996)Google Scholar
- 10.Corradini, F., Gorrieri, R., Roccetti, M.: Performance preorder and competitive equivalence. Acta Inform. 34(11), 805–835 (1997)CrossRefMathSciNetGoogle Scholar
- 11.Corradini, F., Vogler, W., Jenner, L.: Comparing the worst-case efficiency of asynchronous systems with PAFAS. Acta Informatica 38, 735–792 (2002)MATHCrossRefMathSciNetGoogle Scholar
- 12.De Nicola, R., Hennessy, M.C.B.: Testing equivalences for processes. TCS 34(1-2), 83–133 (1984)MATHCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 13.Gorrieri, R., Roccetti, M., Stancampiano, E.: A theory of processes with durational actions. TCS 140(1), 73–94 (1995)MATHCrossRefMathSciNetGoogle Scholar
- 14.Hennessy, M.C.B., Regan, T.: A process algebra for timed systems. Inform. and Comp. 117(2), 221–239 (1995)MATHCrossRefMathSciNetGoogle Scholar
- 15.Hoare, C.A.R.: Communicating Sequential Processes. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs (1985)Google Scholar
- 16.Jenner, L., Vogler, W.: Fast asynchronous systems in dense time. TCS 254(1-2), 379–422 (2001)MATHCrossRefMathSciNetGoogle Scholar
- 17.Lüttgen, G., Vogler, W.: A faster-than relation for asynchronous processes. In: Larsen, K.G., Nielsen, M. (eds.) CONCUR 2001. LNCS, vol. 2154, pp. 262–276. Springer, Heidelberg (2001); Full version to appear in Inform. and Comp. under the title Bisimulation on Speed: Worst–Case EfficiencyGoogle Scholar
- 18.Milner, R.: Communication and Concurrency. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs (1989)MATHGoogle Scholar
- 19.Moller, F., Tofts, C.: A temporal calculus of communicating systems. In: Baeten, J.C.M., Klop, J.W. (eds.) CONCUR 1990. LNCS, vol. 458, pp. 401–415. Springer, Heidelberg (1990)Google Scholar
- 20.Moller, F., Tofts, C.: Relating processes with respect to speed. In: Groote, J.F., Baeten, J.C.M. (eds.) CONCUR 1991. LNCS, vol. 527, pp. 424–438. Springer, Heidelberg (1991)Google Scholar
- 21.Natarajan, V., Cleaveland, R.: An algebraic theory of process efficiency. In: LICS 1996, pp. 63–72. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos (1996)Google Scholar
- 22.Schneider, S.: An operational semantics for timed CSP. Inform. and Comp. 116(2), 193–213 (1995)MATHCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 23.Vogler, W.: Faster asynchronous systems. In: Lee, I., Smolka, S.A. (eds.) CONCUR 1995. LNCS, vol. 962, pp. 299–312. Springer, Heidelberg (1995)Google Scholar