Cliometrics of the Family pp 261-276 | Cite as
Family Formation, Gender and Labour During the First Globalization in Montevideo, Uruguay
Abstract
The aim in this research is to analyse the impact of institutions such as the family for a better comprehension of the status of women in the formation of Uruguayan society. Uruguay was a country with a large contingent of European immigrants who came mainly from Spain, followed by Italy. Although these two countries are not representative of the Western European marriage pattern, it will be argued that the immigration process caused a disruption of the original family patterns and led to more unstructured family formation and to weaker family ties and greater predominance of the nuclear family. Weaker family ties characterized by more egalitarian gender and intergenerational relations are supposed to allow for women to take on a less traditional role and stimulate higher female labour force participation.
Our results show that the effects of migration can not only be derived from the specific demographic, cultural and human capital profile of the immigrants but also indirectly from the consequences of their decision to immigrate in their life courses and labour options.
Keywords
Family formation Gender Labour UruguayReferences
- Alesina A, Giuliano P (2010) The power of the family. J Econ Growth 15:93–125CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Barrán JP (2001) H. de la sensibilidad en el U. G. E. E. de la B. O. (2001). Historia de la sensibilidad en el Uruguay. (Vol. I,II). Montevideo Uruguay: Ediciones de la Banda OrientalGoogle Scholar
- Bértola L et al. (1999) Comparación Internacional del Poder Adquisitivo de los Salarios Reales de los Países del Cono Sur, 1870–1945. II Jornadas de la Asociación Uruguaya de Historia Económica (AUDHE). MontevideoGoogle Scholar
- Bértola L (2005) A 50 años de la Curva de Kuznets: Crecimiento y distribución del ingreso en Uruguay y otras economías de nuevo asentamiento desde 1870. Investigaciones En Historia Económica 3:135–176Google Scholar
- Bulmer Thomas V (2003) The economic history of Latin America since independence. Cambridge University Press, New YorkCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Camou MM (1997) Volumen y características demográficas de la inmigración española. In: Zubillaga C (ed) Españoles en el Uruguay. Universidad de la República. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación, Montevideo, pp 53–92Google Scholar
- Camou MM (2014a) Historical patterns of gender inequality in Latin America: new evidence documentos de trabajo PHES. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Udelar, Montevideo, p 38Google Scholar
- Camou MM (2014b) Shifting labour relations in Latin America along the XX century: women participation and demographic changes. Workshop: the impact of family and demography on labour relations worldwide, 1500–2000, 12–13 December 2014. International Institute of Social History, AmsterdamGoogle Scholar
- Camou M (2016) Historical patterns of gender inequality in Latin America: new evidence. In: Camou M, Maubrigades S, Thorp R (eds) Gender inequalities and development in Latin America during the twentieth century. Ashgate Publishing Company, Dorchester, pp 25–44Google Scholar
- Camou MM, Maubrigades S (2013) Desigualdades de género y desarrollo en América Latina en el S.XX: su historia a través de indicadores del desarrollo humano. Revista del Centro de Estudios Interdisciplinarios Latinoamericanos (CEIL)Google Scholar
- Camou M, Maubrigades S (2015) The lingering face of gender inequality in Latin America. Workshop on comparative studies of the Southern Hemisphere in global economic history and development. Research Institute for Development, Growth and Economics, MontevideoGoogle Scholar
- Camou MM, Pelegrino A (2014) Marriage behaviour among immigrants: Montevideo 1860–1908. In: Luminița Dumănescu DM, Eppel M (eds) Intermarriage throughout history. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Cambridge, p 465Google Scholar
- Camou M, Pellegrino A (1992) Una fotografía instantánea de Montevideo. Ediciones del Quinto Centenario. U. d. l. República, Montevideo. 2Google Scholar
- Carmichael S (2011) Marriage and power: age at first marriage and spousal age gap in lesser developed countries. W. P. N. 15. Utrecht University, CGEH Working Paper SeriesCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Carmichael S et al. (2011) When the heart is baked, don’t try to knead it. Marriage age and spousal age gap as a measure of female ‘agency’. Utrecht University, CGEH Working Paper Series, 19Google Scholar
- Censo de Población del departamento de Montevideo de 1889Google Scholar
- Censo Nacional de la República Oriental del Uruguay de 1860Google Scholar
- Censo Nacional de la República Oriental del Uruguay de 1908Google Scholar
- Damonte AM (1994) La transición de la mortalidad en el Uruguay, 1908–1963, Programa de Población, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de la República, DTGoogle Scholar
- De Moor T, Van Zanden JL (2010) Girl power: the European marriage pattern and labour markets in the North Sea region in the late medieval and early modern period. Econ Hist Rev 63(1):1–33CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Duranton G et al (2009) Family types and the persistence of regional disparities in Europe. Econ Geogr 85(1):23–47CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Esping-Andersen G (1999) Social foundations of postindustrial economies. Oxford University Press, OxfordCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Goldin C (2006) The quiet revolution that transformed women’s employment, education, and family. National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MACrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Greif A (2006) Family structure, institutions, and growth: the origins and implications of western corporations. Am Econ Rev Pap Proc 96:308–312CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Hajnal J (1982) Two kinds of preindustrial household formation system. Popul Dev Rev 8(3):449–494CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Hareven TK (1976) Modernization and family history: perspectives on social change. Signs 2(1):190–206CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Hatton TJ, Williamson JG (1994a) International migration 1850–1939: an economic survey. In: Hatton TJ, Williamson JG (eds) Migration and the international labor market, 1850–1939. Routledge, London, pp 3–35Google Scholar
- Hatton TJ, Williamson JG (1994b) Introduction. International migration and world development: a historical perspective. Springer, Berlin, pp 3–56Google Scholar
- Kuznesof EA (1980a) Household composition and headship as related to changes in mode of production: Sao Paulo 1765 to 1836. Comp Stud Soc Hist 22(1):78–108CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Kuznesof EA (1980b) The role of the female-headed household in Brazilian Modernization: São Paulo 1765 to 1836. J Soc Hist 13(4):589–613CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Kuznesof E, Oppenheimer R (1985) The family and society in nineteenth-century Latin America: an historiographical introduction. J Fam Hist 10(3):215–234CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Laslett (1972) Household and family in past time. Cambridge University Press, CambridgeCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Maubrigades S (2015) Connections between women’s age at marriage and social and economic development. In: Camou M, Maubrigades S, Thorp R (eds) Gender inequalities and development in Latin America during the twentieth century. Ashgate, EnglandGoogle Scholar
- Padrón de Montevideo 1858–59. Archivo General de la NaciónGoogle Scholar
- Peña FM (1992) Las estructuras familiares en la España tradicional: geografía y análisis a partir del censo de 1860. Revista de Demografía Histórica 10(3):15–62Google Scholar
- Pollero R (2001) Familia y fecundidad en el Uruguay. La inmigración en la conformación de la familia uruguaya. 1850–1908. Master, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Universidad de la República, MontevideoGoogle Scholar
- Pollero R (2013) Historia demográfica de Montevideo y su campaña (1757–1860). Tesis de doctorado, Programa de Población. FCS, UdelarGoogle Scholar
- Reher D (1998) Family ties in Western Europe: persistent contrasts. Popul Dev Rev XXIV:203–234CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Rodriguez Villamil S. (1983). El trabajo femenino en Montevideo. 1880–1914. La mujer en el Uruguay: ayer y hoy. Grecmu. Montevideo, Ediciones de la Banda Oriental 91–116Google Scholar
- Seguino S, Grown C (2006) Gender equity and globalization: macroeconomic policy for developing countries. J Int Dev 18(8):1081–1104CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Todd E (1991) The making of modern France. Politics, ideology and culture (trans). Oxford, UKGoogle Scholar
- Van Zanden JL (2011) In good company: about agency and economic development in global perspective. Stellenbosch Economic Working Papers. Stellenbosch. 23/11Google Scholar
- Williamson J (1998) Real wages and relative factor prices in the third world 1820–1940: Latin-America. Discussion Paper Number 1853, Harvard Institute of Economic ResearchGoogle Scholar