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The Fetal Phenotype

  • Dennis V. CokkinosEmail author
Chapter
First Online:

Abstract

The fetal phenotype is an adaptation of the heart to stress (heart failure, hypertrophy, remodelling, hibernation diabetes mellitus). The fetal heart represents a “protected” state; thus cell death can be avoided when adverse condition for cardiac intergity occur.

It is characterized by an increase in glycogen and βΜHC, together with ANP expression, and decrease of αMHC. A tissue hypothyroid state is said to occur. 

However, is less efficient in contractility. It may represent a dedifferentiated state which may predispose to cardiomyocyte regeneration. Interestingly, atrophy is also associated with fetal phenotype.

Keywords

Heart failure Remodeling Diabetes mellitus Glycogen Myosin heavy chain Fibrosis 
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Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Heart and Vessel DepartmentBiomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens - Gregory SkalkeasAthensGreece

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