Abstract
Modified gravity theories (Clifton et al. 2012; Joyce et al. 2016) are popular alternatives to the cosmological constant and dark energy models (Copeland et al. 2006) to explain the observed accelerating expansion of our Universe Universe (Guy et al. 2010; Percival et al. 2010; Beutler et al. 2011; Reid et al. 2012; Hinshaw et al. 2013; Riess et al. 2009). Rather than invoking a cosmological constant (\(\varLambda \)) or a new energy component to drive the dynamics of the cosmos, these theories suggest that the Universe contains only normal and dark matter (which is often assumed as cold dark matter, or CDM), but the law of gravitation deviates from that prescribed by Einstein’s General Relativity (GR) on large scales, resulting in an acceleration of the expansion rate.
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Notes
- 1.
The content of this Chapter is based on the article Bose et al. ‘Speeding up N-body simulations of modified gravity: chameleon screening models’, Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Volume 2015, Issue 2, published 24 February 2015. Reproduced with permission. All rights reserved, https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2017/02/050.
- 2.
Note, however, that in many modified gravity theories, such as the one studied in this thesis, an effective cosmological constant is still required to drive the accelerated expansion.
- 3.
Throughout this chapter, the term ‘overhead’ is used to refer to the extra computational time (using the same machine and number of cores) involved in running a modified gravity simulation compared to standard gravity. For example, an overhead of 110% means that the modified gravity run requires \(2.1\times \) the CPU time of a \(\varLambda \)CDM simulation.
- 4.
Note that, on first glance at Eq. (6.3.6), this may appear counter-intuitive. This dependence of the degree of linearity of Eq. (6.3.6) on the size of \(\xi \) can be explained by the fact that as \(\xi \) becomes smaller, the value of \(\tilde{f}_{R}\) also becomes smaller (c.f. Eq. 5.2.12), making Eq. (6.3.6) on the whole more non-linear. The converse is true when \(\xi \) is large.
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Bose, S. (2018). Speeding up N-Body Simulations of Modified Gravity: Chameleon Screening Models. In: Beyond ΛCDM . Springer Theses. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96761-5_6
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