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Genetic Diversity in Taro (Colocasia esculenta)

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Genetic Diversity in Horticultural Plants

Part of the book series: Sustainable Development and Biodiversity ((SDEB,volume 22))

Abstract

Taro [Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott] is an ancient, tropical root crop that is morphologically diverse with over 10,000 landraces. It is the fifth most produced root crop in the world and is mainly grown in tropical Africa, China, New Guinea, and many Pacific islands. Taro typically is grown for its starchy corm (i.e., underground stem), although leaves and flowers also are eaten as vegetables. There is controversy over its geographic center of origin, but this is likely to be in the Indo-Malayan area. Evidence indicates that it was domesticated, possibly independently, across an area that ranges from northeast India to Yunnan province in China to New Guinea. Within Micronesia and Polynesia, where taro is a staple crop, the genetic base is very narrow. Genetic diversity within the taro germplasm is significantly greater in Asia and New Guinea. The exploitation of this diversity could lead to the development of cultivars with greater disease resistance, and improved yields and corm quality. Taro is a neglected crop in terms of recent advances in molecular biology, with only a limited number of studies utilizing next-generation transcriptome and genome sequencing. At present, a high-quality reference genome is lacking; however, recent genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) approaches promise to improve our understanding of taro genetics.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Hatch project #08029-H, managed by the University of Hawaii’s College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources. In addition, this project was funded by USDA AFRI project #2015-05806. Finally, this material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1345247. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the USDA or the National Science Foundation. We would like to thank Dr. Duane Bartholomew (Emeritus Professor, University of Hawaii) for his helpful review of this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Tropical Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 875 Komohana St., Hilo, HI, 96720, USA

    Susan C. Miyasaka

  2. Tropical Conservation Biology and Environmental Science, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 200 W. Kawili St., Hilo, HI, 96720, USA

    M. Renee Bellinger, Martin Helmkampf & Michael Shintaku

  3. Department of Tropical Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1910 East-West Rd., Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA

    Michael B. Kantar, Thomas Wolfgruber & Roshan Paudel

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  1. Susan C. Miyasaka
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Correspondence to Susan C. Miyasaka .

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    Dilip Nandwani

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Miyasaka, S.C. et al. (2019). Genetic Diversity in Taro (Colocasia esculenta). In: Nandwani, D. (eds) Genetic Diversity in Horticultural Plants. Sustainable Development and Biodiversity, vol 22. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96454-6_7

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