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Neuro-Urology pp 249-281 | Cite as

Infections in Neuro-urology

  • Muhammad Rasheed
  • Arndt van Ophoven
Chapter
First Online:

Abstract

There is a high incidence of recurrent cystitis and complicated urinary tract infection in patients with neurogenic bladder. Adequate bladder management can reduce the episodes of recurrent infection and urinary incontinence in neurogenic bladder dysfunction. Inappropriate treatment of urinary tract infection can damage the renal functions due to reflex pyelonephritis and vesicoureteral reflux. The better understanding of functional urology improves the quality of life in patients with neurogenic bladder.

This chapter emphasizes the relevance and impact of infections of the urinary tract in neuro-urology. It provides not only the information of global epidemiological causes, diagnosis, and treatment of urinary tract infection but also helpful tools to decrease the incidence of recurrent bladder infections in neuro-urology and to reduce the antimicrobial resistance worldwide.

Advanced microbiological technologies for the detection of responsible infection agents are helpful to minimize urosepsis. The application of sequential organ failure assessment score in intensive care unit reduces the high economic burden on the society while achieving sufficient reduction in morbidity and mortality of patients.

This chapter should be of interest to many different professionals, medical students, medical, surgical residents, as well as consultants in urology and infectious diseases.

Keywords

Recurrent infection Urinary incontinence Neurogenic bladder dysfunction Antimicrobial resistance Nonsurgical bladder management in neuro-urology 

Abbreviations

ACSS

Acute cystitis symptom score

ACTH

Adrenocorticotrophic hormone

AUC

Acute urinary cystitis

BPH

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

CA

Catheter associated

CA-AB

Catheter-associated bacteriuria

CA-AB

Catheter-associated asymptomatic bacteriuria

CA-UTI

Catheter-associated urinary tract infection

CAUTI

Community-associated UTI

CFU

Colony forming unit

CIC

Clean intermittent catheterization

DSD

Detrusor sphincter dyssynergia

DSD

Detrusor sphincter dyssynergia

ESBL

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase

GAG

Glycosaminoglycan

HAUTI

Healthcare-associated urinary tract infection

IC

Indwelling catheter

IDSA

Infectious Disease Society of America

IL

Interleukin

MDR

Multidrug-resistant

MRSA

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

MS

Multiple sclerosis

NAUTI

Nosocomial urinary tract infections

NB

Neurogenic bladder

NDO

Neurogenic detrusor overactivity

NF-kB

Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells

qSOFA

Quick sequential (sepsis-related) organ failure assessment

SCI

Spinal cord injury

S-IgA

Secretory immunoglobulin-A

SOFA

Sequential (sepsis-related) organ failure assessment

SPC

Supra pubic catheterization

TLR

Toll-like receptors

TMP-SMX

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

TNF

Tumor necrosis factor

UDS

Urodynamics

UTI

Urinary tract infection

VUDS

Video urodynamics

VUR

Vesicoureteral reflux

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© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of Neuro-UrologyMarien Hospital Herne, University Clinic Bochum, The Ruhr University BochumHerneGermany

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