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The Heterogeneity of Cancer Metabolism pp 95–106Cite as

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Metabolism

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Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1063))

Abstract

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) are a heterogeneous group of lymphoid neoplasms with differing biological characteristics. About 90% of all lymphomas in the United States originate from B lymphocytes, while the remaining originate from T cells [1]. The treatment of NHLs depends on neoplastic histology and the stage of the tumor, which will indicate whether radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or a combination is the best suitable treatment [2]. The American Cancer Society describes the staging of lymphoma as follows: Stage I is lymphoma in a single node or area. Stage II is when that lymphoma has spread to another node or organ tissue. Stage III is when it has spread to lymph nodes in two sides of the diaphragm. Stage IV is when the cancer has significantly spread to organs outside the lymph system. Radiation therapy is the traditional therapeutic route for localized follicular and mucosa-associated lymphomas. Chemotherapy is utilized for the treatment of large cell lymphomas and high-grade lymphomas [2]. However, treatment of indolent lymphomas remains problematic as the patients often have metastasis for which no standard approach exists [2].

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Abbreviations

13C MRS:

13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy

2-DG:

2-Deoxyglucose

acetyl-CoA:

Acetyl coenzyme A

AMPK:

5′AMP-activated protein kinase

ATP:

Adenosine triphosphate

BCR:

B-cell receptor

B-NHL:

B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas

DLBCL:

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

FAO:

Fatty acid oxidation

FAS:

Fatty acid synthesis

FASN:

Fatty acid synthesizing enzyme

FDG-PET:

18F-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography

FL:

Follicular lymphoma

HIF-1:

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1

LDH:

Lactate dehydrogenase

mTOR:

Mammalian target of rapamycin

mTORC:

Mammalian target of rapamycin complex

NF-κB:

Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells

NHLs:

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas

OAA:

Oxaloacetate

OXPHOS:

Oxidative phosphorylation

PDK1:

Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, isozyme 1

PEL:

Primary effusion lymphoma

PI3K:

Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase

POX/PRODH:

Proline dehydrogenase

PRPS2:

Phosphoribosyl-pyrophosphate synthetase 2

TCA:

Tricarboxylic acid

tFL:

Transformed follicular lymphoma

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Brian James Kirsch

  2. Johns Hopkins University, Whiting School of Engineering, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Brian James Kirsch

  3. Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

    Shu-Jyuan Chang

  4. Department of Pathology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Anne Le

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  1. Brian James Kirsch
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  2. Shu-Jyuan Chang
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  3. Anne Le
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Correspondence to Anne Le .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Anne Le MD, HDR

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Kirsch, B.J., Chang, SJ., Le, A. (2018). Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Metabolism. In: Le, A. (eds) The Heterogeneity of Cancer Metabolism. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1063. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77736-8_7

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