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Regulation of Mammalian HSP70 Expression and Stress Response

  • Kamalakshi Deka
  • Sougata Saha
Chapter
First Online:
Part of the Heat Shock Proteins book series (HESP, volume 13)

Abstract

Abnormal environmental and physiological conditions can damage protein structures creating a toxic state in the cell due to loss of protein function and homeostasis. In many disease conditions the effect is so profound that interaction of structurally damaged proteins and aggregates with cellular macromolecules leads to cell and tissue damage as observed in protein misfolding related neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and others. Thus structurally damaged proteins bring an organizational and functional challenge for the cells and tissue which need to be resolved very quickly and efficiently to prevent cell and tissue damage. One of the ways cell senses and mounts protective response to proteotoxic stress is by heat shock response (HSR) which constitutes high expression of chaperone proteins also called heat shock proteins (HSP) to tackle sudden increased demand for chaperones in a cell. HSR induces HSP70, one of the major chaperones, which protect cells from proteotoxic stress by prevention of misfolding and aggregation of polypeptides. Thus, a rapid and potent stress response depends on quick supply of large amount of HSP70 proteins. This extraordinary demand of HSP70 proteins is satisfied by an efficient gene expression programme which regulates HSP70 expression at every step from chromatin modification during transcriptional activation to stability of translated protein molecules. Stress dependent regulation of mammalian HSP70 expression is focus of this chapter and regulation at each of these steps will be discussed in detail.

Keywords

Heat shock proteins HSF1 HSP70 Regulation of HSP70 expression Stress response 
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Notes

Acknowledgements

Authors thank funding agencies for research supports and fellowships. Research in laboratory of SS is supported by SERB-India (EEQ/2016/000772, and EMR/2016/004001). KD is supported by fellowship from SERB, India (EEQ/2016/000772). Department of MBBT, TU is supported by UGC-SAP, DST FIST, DBT Strengthening, DBT Hub, and DBT-BIF.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of Molecular Biology and BiotechnologyTezpur UniversityNapaamIndia

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