Abstract
The way foster parents think about the child in their care is crucial to the way they respond to the child. The ability to accurately “read” the child’s cues has been called mind-mindedness and is seen as a foundation for parent sensitivity. Maltreatment affects both children’s ability to self-reflect and the negativity of their ideas about themselves, parents and caregivers. Parents influence the child’s capacity to self-reflect, and successful placements are associated with caregivers’ ability to reflect and empathise with the child. Foster parents who think about the child’s mind and emotions may have foster children with fewer emotional and behaviour problems. The Relational Learning Framework (RLF) is a way of helping foster parents access and think about the child’s perspective and unique emotional life and mental state.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Ackerman, J. P., & Dozier, M. (2005). The influence of foster parent investment on children’s representations of self and attachment figures. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 26, 507–520. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2005.06.003
Ainsworth, M. D. S., Blehar, M. C., Waters, E., & Wall, S. (1978). Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Arnott, B., & Meins, E. (2008). Links among antenatal attachment representations, postnatal mind-mindedness, and infant attachment security: A preliminary study of mothers and fathers. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 71, 132–149. https://doi.org/10.1521/bumc.2007.71.2.132
Baron-Cohen, S., Leslie, A. M., & Frith, U. (1985). Does the autistic child have a “theory of mind”? Cognition, 21, 37–46.
Bernier, A., Carlson, S. M., & Whipple, N. (2010). From external regulation to self-regulation: Early parenting precursors of young children’s executive functioning. Child Development, 81, 326–339. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01397.x
Bouchard, M.-A., Target, M., Lecours, S., Fonagy, P., Tremblay, L.-M., Schachter, A., & Stein, H. (2008). Mentalization in adult attachment narratives: Reflective functioning, mental states, and affect elaboration compared. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 25, 47–66. https://doi.org/10.1037/0736-9735.25.1.47
Bugental, D., & Happaney, K. (2004). Predicting infant maltreatment in low-income families: The interactive effects of maternal attributions and child status at birth. Developmental Psychology, 40, 234–243. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.40.2.234
Demers, I., Bernier, A., Tarabulsy, G. M., & Provost, M. A. (2010a). Mind-mindedness in adult and adolescent mothers: Relations to maternal sensitivity and infant attachment. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 34, 529–537. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165025410365802
Demers, I., Bernier, A., Tarabulsy, G. M., & Provost, M. A. (2010b). Maternal and child characteristics as antecedents of maternal mind-mindedness. Infant Mental Health Journal, 31, 94–112. https://doi.org/10.1002/imhj.20244
Ensink, K. C., Bégin, M., Normandin, L., Godbout, N., & Fonagy, P. (2017). Mentalization and dissociation in the context of trauma: Implications for child psychopathology. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 18, 11–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2016.1172536
Ereky-Stevens, K. (2008). Associations between mothers’ sensitivity to their infants’ internal states and children’s later understanding of mind and emotion. Infant and Child Development, 17, 527–543. https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.572
Fonagy, P., & Bateman, A. (2008). The development of borderline personality disorder—A mentalizing model. Journal of Personality Disorders, 22, 4–21. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi.2008.22.1.4
Gottman, J. M., & Declaire, J. (1997). The heart of parenting: How to raise an emotionally intelligent child. New York: Simon and Schuster.
Kelly, W. J. (2015). Foster parents’ understanding of the foster child’s perspective: Does it matter and can it be changed? (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from http://researcharchive.vuw.ac.nz/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10063/4684/thesis
Laranjo, J., Bernier, A., & Meins, E. (2008). Associations between maternal mind-mindedness and infant attachment security: Investigating the mediating role of maternal sensitivity. Infant Behavior and Development, 31, 688–695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2008.04.008
Larrance, D. T., & Twentyman, C. T. (1983). Maternal attributions and child abuse. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 92, 449–457.
Lawler, M. J. (2008). Maltreated children’s emotional availability with kin and non-kin foster mothers: A sociobiological perspective. Children and Youth Services Review, 30, 1131–1143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2008.02.007
Lok, S. M., & McMahon, C. A. (2006). Mothers’ thoughts about their children: Links between mind-mindedness and emotional availability. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 24, 477–488. https://doi.org/10.1348/026151005x49854
Lundy, B. L. (2003). Father- and mother-infant face-to-face interactions: Differences in mind-related comments and infant attachment? Infant Behavior and Development, 26, 200–212. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0163-6383(03)00017-1
McMahon, C. A., & Meins, E. (2012). Mind-mindedness, parenting stress, and emotional availability in mothers of preschoolers. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 27, 245–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2011.08.002
Meins, E. (1997). Security of attachment and the social development of cognition. Hove: Psychology Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203775912
Meins, E. (1998). The effects of security of attachment and maternal attribution of meaning on children’s linguistic acquisitional style. Infant Behavior and Development, 21, 237–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0163-6383(98)90004-2
Meins, E. (2013). Sensitive attunement to infants’ internal states: Operationalizing the construct of mind-mindedness. Attachment and Human Development, 15, 524–544. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2013.830388
Meins, E., Centifani, L. C. M., Fernyhough, C., & Fishburn, S. (2013). Maternal mind-mindedness and children’s behavioral difficulties: Mitigating the impact of low socioeconomic status. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 41, 543–553. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-012-9699-3
Meins, E., & Fernyhough, C. (1999). Linguistic acquisitional style and mentalising development: The role of maternal mind-mindedness. Cognitive Development, 14, 363–380. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0885-2014(99)00010-6
Meins, E., & Fernyhough, C. (2010). Mind-mindedness coding manual, version 2.0. Unpublished manuscript, Durham University, Durham, UK.
Meins, E., Fernyhough, C., Arnott, B., Leekam, S. R., & De Rosnay, M. (2013). Mind-mindedness and theory of mind: Mediating roles of language and perspectival symbolic play. Child Development, 84, 1777–1790. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12061
Meins, E., Fernyhough, C., Fradley, E., & Tuckey, M. (2001). Rethinking maternal sensitivity: Mothers’ comments on infants’ mental processes predict security of attachment at 12 months. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 42, 637–648. https://doi.org/10.1111/1469-7610.00759
Meins, E., Fernyhough, C., Russell, J., & Clark-Carter, D. (1998). Security of attachment as a predictor of symbolic and mentalising abilities: A longitudinal study. Social Development, 7, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9507.00047
Meins, E., Fernyhough, C., Wainwright, R., Clark-Carter, D., Das Gupta, M., Fradley, E., & Tuckey, M. (2003). Pathways to understanding mind: Construct validity and predictive validity of maternal mind-mindedness. Child Development, 74, 1194–1211. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00601
Milan, S. E., & Pinderhughes, E. E. (2000). Factors influencing maltreated children’s early adjustment in foster care. Development and Psychopathology, 12, 63–81. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954579400001048
Ponciano, L. (2010). Attachment in foster care: The role of maternal sensitivity, adoption, and foster mother experience. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 27, 97–114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-010-0192-y
Rodriguez, C. M., & Tucker, M. C. (2015). Predicting maternal physical child abuse risk beyond distress and social support: Additive role of cognitive processes. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24, 1780–1790. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-014-9981-9
Schofield, G., & Beek, M. (2005). Providing a secure base: Parenting children in long-term foster family care. Attachment and Human Development, 7, 3–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616730500049019
Sharp, C., & Fonagy, P. (2008). The parent’s capacity to treat the child as a psychological agent: Constructs, measures and implications for developmental psychopathology. Social Development, 17, 738–754. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9507.2007.00457.x
Slade, A., Grienenberger, J., Bernbach, E., Levy, D., & Locker, A. (2005). Maternal reflective functioning, attachment, and the transmission gap: A preliminary study. Attachment & Human Development, 7, 283–298. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616730500245880
Stronach, E. P., Toth, S. L., Rogosch, F., Oshri, A., Manly, J. T., & Cicchetti, D. (2011). Child maltreatment, attachment security, and internal representations of mother and mother- child relationships. Child Maltreatment, 16, 137–145. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077559511398294
Toth, S. L., Maughan, A., Manly, J. T., Spagnola, M., & Cicchetti, D. (2002). The relative efficacy of two interventions in altering maltreated preschool children’s representational models: Implications for attachment theory. Development and Pychopathology, 14, 877–908.
Verhage, M. L., Schuengel, C., Madigan, S., Fearon, R. M. P., Oosterman, M., Cassibba, R., … van IJzendoorn, M.H. (2016). Narrowing the transmission gap: A synthesis of three decades of research on intergenerational transmission of attachment. Psychological Bulletin, 142, 337–366. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000038
Walker, T. M., Wheatcroft, R., & Camic, P. M. (2012). Mind-mindedness in parents of pre-schoolers: A comparison between clinical and community samples. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 17, 318–335. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359104511409142
Wareham, P., & Salmon, K. (2006). Mother-child reminiscing about everyday experiences: Implications for clinical interventions in the preschool years. Clinical Psychology Review, 26, 535–554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2006.05.001
Wilson, K. (2006). Can foster carers help children resolve their emotional and behavioural difficulties? Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 11, 495–511. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359104506067873
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kelly, W. (2017). Mind-Mindedness : The Meeting of Minds. In: Understanding Children in Foster Care. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65376-1_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65376-1_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-65375-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-65376-1
eBook Packages: Behavioral Science and PsychologyBehavioral Science and Psychology (R0)