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Cytokines, Growth Factors, and POMC Peptides

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Vitiligo

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Abstract

The epidermis and its main constituents, keratinocytes, produce a vast repertoire of cytokines, including interleukins (IL), growth factors, colony-stimulating factors, and chemokines. Under normal circumstances most of them are not synthesized or not released, but a number of external stimuli and stressors, e.g., infections, chemicals, trauma, or ultraviolet radiation, are capable of inducing production and release of such molecules from keratinocytes. IL-6 and TNF are paracrine inhibitors of human melanocyte proliferation and melanogenesis, eliciting a dose-dependent decrease in tyrosinase activity of cultured normal human melanocytes and inhibiting melanocyte proliferation, while IFN-γ impedes maturation of the key organelle melanosome by concerted regulation of pigmentation genes. Interestingly, a higher expression of these cytokines has been demonstrated by various authors in the affected skin of vitiligo patients at both protein and transcript levels.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany

    Markus Böhm

  2. INSERM U1035, BMGIC, Immunodermatology team, ATIP-AVENIR, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France

    Katia Boniface

  3. Division of Clinical Preventive and Oncologic Dermatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

    Silvia Moretti

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  1. Markus Böhm
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  2. Katia Boniface
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  3. Silvia Moretti
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Correspondence to Markus Böhm .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Cutaneous Physiopathology & CIRM, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Rome, Italy

    Mauro Picardo

  2. Hôpital Saint André, Service de Dermatologie Adulte et Pédiatrique, INSERM U 1035, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France

    Alain Taïeb

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Böhm, M., Boniface, K., Moretti, S. (2019). Cytokines, Growth Factors, and POMC Peptides. In: Picardo, M., Taïeb, A. (eds) Vitiligo. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62960-5_29

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