Back to the Future: The Non-Proliferation Cases of Iran, North Korea and R2P Sanctions on Libya

  • Enrico Carisch
  • Loraine Rickard-Martin
  • Shawna R. Meister
Chapter
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Abstract

UN sanctions implementation practices have advanced as a result of various reforms, but but are currently applied mostly on failed or failing states and asymmetric opponents. Once targeted on well-organized, sophisticated governments or very affluent groups and entities, UN sanctions culture is insufficiently resilient to prevail against far more formidable violators of international norms. The required escalating sophistication of the sanctions regimes on Iran, North Korea, or Qaddafi’s Libya stretch the technical capacities of many states and frustrate policy-makers around the world. They also require political will and unity of purpose whereas time and again, disunity among the powerful states undermines their effectiveness. Our research and analysis for each of the following case studies show that at their inception sanctions were thwarted and turned into wedge issues by self-interested big power politics. With the international community barely able to muster a semblance of political of cooperation on sanctions and often divided on other options including mediation - the Iran case being the notable exception -  neither the Libya nor DPRK regime offers any reason for optimism.

Keywords

Political violence Terrorism Counterterrorism Implementation Task Force (CTITF) Libya Muammar Qaddafi Pan Am 103 bombing UTA 772 bombing Sudan Gamal Nasser Gaafar al Nimeiry Hasan Al Turabi Omar Al Bashir  Taliban Al Qaida ISIL Osama bin Laden Abdullah Yusuf Azzam Maktab Al Khadamat Wahhabism Salafism Mullah Omar Resolution 1267 George W. Bush Counterterrorism Committee (CTC) Hamid Karzai Martin Scheinin Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) Al Qaida of the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) Boko Haram Osama bin Laden Abu Musab Al Zarqawi Shia Muslim Lebanon Hafez Al Assad Rafic Baha El Deen Al Hariri Cedar Revolution 
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Copyright information

© Springer International Publishing AG 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  • Enrico Carisch
    • 1
  • Loraine Rickard-Martin
    • 1
  • Shawna R. Meister
    • 1
  1. 1.Compliance and Capacity Skills InternationalNew YorkUSA

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