Conclusions

Chapter
First Online:
Part of the Palgrave Macmillan Studies in Family and Intimate Life book series (PSFL)

Abstract

This conclusions chapter begins with some concluding thoughts about the evolving status of mixed families, from once being confined to choosing one or both or neither “national cultures” to now being able to move beyond the binary identities thrust upon them and forge their own family identity and culture within mixedness. This chapter also includes a section highlighting the contributions this study has made to the field of mixedness and family studies. Further, because of the ethnographic, personal nature of the project, a section is devoted to the author’s reflections from the field. Finally, the chapter concludes with limitations of the study, suggestions for further research, and concluding remarks.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

References

  1. Ali, Suki. 2003. Mixed-Race, Post Race: Gender, Ethnicities and Cultural Practices. Oxford: Berg.Google Scholar
  2. Bauer, Elain. 2010. The Creolisation of London Kinship: Mixed African-Caribbean and White British Extended Families, 1950–2003. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  3. Bhabha, Homi. 1990. The Third Space: Interview with Homi Bhabha. In Identity: Community, Culture, Difference, ed. Jonathan Rutherford, 207–221. London: Lawrence and Wishart.Google Scholar
  4. Brannen, Julia, and Ann Nilsen. 2006. From Fatherhood to Fathering: Transmission and Change Among British Fathers in Four-Generation Families. Sociology 40 (2): 335–352.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. Bratter, Jennifer L., and Rosalind B. King. 2008. ‘But Will It Last?’: Marital Instability Among Interracial and Same-Race Couples. Family Relations 57: 160–171.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. Caballero, Chamion, Rosalind Edwards, and Shuby Puthussery. 2008. Parenting ‘Mixed’ Children: Negotiating Difference and Belonging in Mixed Race, Ethnicity and Faith Families. Joseph Rowntree Foundation: York. Google Scholar
  7. Curry, Leslie A., Ingrid M. Nembhard, and Elizabeth H. Bardley. 2009. Qualitative and Mixed Methods Provide Unique Contributions to Outcomes Research. Circulation 119: 1442–1452.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  8. Daniel, Mor, Yossi Guttmann, and Amiram Raviv. 2011. Cooking and Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: A Qualitative Analysis of Amateur Chefs’ Perspectives. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science 1 (20): 86–94.Google Scholar
  9. Fabes, Richard A., Bridget M. Gaertner, and Tierney K. Popp. 2006. Getting Along with Others: Social Competence in Early Childhood. In Blackwell Handbook of Early Childhood Development, ed. Kathleen McCartney and Deborah Phillips, 297–316. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.Google Scholar
  10. Feng, Zhiqiang, Paul Boyle, Maarten van Ham, and Gillian M. Raab. 2012. Are Mixed-Ethnic Unions More Likely to Dissolve Than Co-Ethnic Unions? New Evidence from Britain. European Journal of Population 28 (2): 159–176.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  11. Gabb, Jacqui. 2008. Researching Intimacy in Families. Palgrave: London.Google Scholar
  12. Grusec, Joan E. 2011. Socialisation Processes in the Family: Social and Emotional Development. Annual Review of Psychology 62: 243–269.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  13. Jones, Gavin W. 2012. International Marriage in Asia: What Do We Know, and What Do We Need to Know? Asia Research Institute Working Paper, No 174. Available: (Accessed 1 March 2014).Google Scholar
  14. Jourdan, April. 2006. The Impact of the Family Environment on the Ethnic Identity Development of Multiethnic College Students. Journal of Counseling and Development 84: 328–340.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  15. Kalmijn, Matthijs. 1998. Intermarriage and Homogamy: Causes, Patterns, Trends. Annual Review of Sociology 24: 395–421.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  16. Katz, Ilan. 1996. The Construction of Racial Identity in Children of Mixed Parentage. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.Google Scholar
  17. Kich, George Kitahara. 1992. The Developmental Process of Asserting a Biracial, Bicultural Identity. In Racially Mixed People in America, ed. Maria P.P. Roots, 304–317. Newbury Park: Sage.Google Scholar
  18. King-O’Riain, Rebecca C. 2014. Global Mixed Race: A Conclusion. In Global Mixed Race, ed. Rebecca C. King-O’Riain, Stephen Small, Minelle Mahtani, Miri Song, and Paul Spickard, vii–xxii. New York: New York University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  19. Luke, Carmen, and Allan Luke. 1999. Theorizing Interracial Families and Hybrid Identity: An Australian Perspective. Educational Theory 49 (2): 233–249.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  20. Mass, Amy Iwasaki. 1992. Interracial Japanese Americans: The Best of Both Worlds or the End of the Japanese American Community? In Racially Mixed People in America, ed. Maria P.P. Roots, 265–279. Newbury Park: Sage.Google Scholar
  21. McCracken, Grant. 1988. The Long Interview. Newbury Park: Sage.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  22. McNamara, Patricia. 2009. Feminist Ethnography: Storytelling that Makes a Difference. Qualitative Social Work 8: 161–177.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  23. Muttarak, Raya. 2004. Marital Assimilation: Interethnic Marriage in Britain. 12th Biennial Conference of Population and Society: Issues, Research, Policy. Australian Population Association, Sept 15–17, in Canberra, Australia.Google Scholar
  24. O’Hearn, Claudine Chiawei (ed.). 1998. Half + Half: Writers on Growing Up Biracial + Bicultural. New York: Pantheon Books.Google Scholar
  25. Olumide, Jill. 2002. Raiding the Gene Pool: The Social Construction of Mixed Race. London: Pluto Press.Google Scholar
  26. Payne, Geoff, and Malcolm Williams. 2005. Generalization in Qualitative Research. Sociology 39 (2): 295–314.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  27. Phoenix, Ann, and Fatima Husain. 2007. Parenting and Ethnicity. Joseph Rowntree Foundation: York.Google Scholar
  28. Root, Maria. 2001. Factors Influencing the Variation in Racial and Ethnic Identity of Mixed-Heritage Persons of Asian Ancestry. In The Sum of Our Parts: Mixed Heritage Asian Americans, ed. Teresa Williams-Leon and Cynthia Nakashima, 61–70. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.Google Scholar
  29. Smith, Darren P., Rosalind Edwards, and Chamion Caballero. 2011. The Geographies of Mixed-Ethnicity Families. Environment and Planning A 43 (6): 1455–1476.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  30. Song, Miri. 2003. Choosing Ethnic Identity. Cambridge: Polity Press.Google Scholar
  31. Song, Miri. 2016. Multiracial People and Their Partners in Britain: Extending the Link Between Intermarriage and Integration? Ethnicities 16 (4): 631–648.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  32. Spickard, Paul R. 1989. Mixed Blood: Intermarriage and Ethnic Identity in Twentieth Century America. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar
  33. Törngren, Sayaka Osanami. 2011. Love Ain’t Got No Color?—Attitude toward interracial marriage in Sweden. Unpublished. PhD Thesis, Malmö University, Sweden.Google Scholar
  34. Tsuda, Takeyuki. 2014. ‘I’m American, not Japanese!’: The Struggle for Racial Citizenship among Later-Generation Japanese Americans. Ethnic and Racial Studies 37 (3): 405–424.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  35. Twine, France Winddance. 2010. A White Side of Black Britain: Interracial Intimacy and Racial Literacy. Durham: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
  36. Valentine, Gill. 1997. Tell Me About…: Using Interviews as a Research Methodology. In Methods in Human Geography: A Guide for Students Doing Research Projects, ed. Robin Flowerdew and David Martin, 110–126. Harlow: Longman.Google Scholar
  37. Waters, Mary. 1990. Ethnic Options: Choosing Identities in America. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
  38. Wilson, Anne. 1987. Mixed Race Children: A Study of Identity. London: Allen & Unwin.Google Scholar
  39. Yabuki, Rie. 2009. How Is Culture Determined in an International Marriage Family?—The Effect of Their Positioning in the Local Community. Tokyo City University Journal 10 (9): 77–83.Google Scholar
  40. Yamamoto, Beverley Anne. 2010. International Marriage in Japan: An Exploration of Intimacy, Family and Parenthood. 18th Biennial Conference of Asian Studies. Association of Australia, July 5–8, in Adelaide, Australia.Google Scholar
  41. Zhang, Yuanting, and Jennifer Van Hook. 2009. Marital Dissolution Among Interracial Couples. Journal of Marriage and Family 71 (1): 95–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© The Author(s) 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.TokyoJapan

Personalised recommendations