Abstract
The strength of granular material, specifically sand is of pivotal importance for understanding physical phenomena on other celestial bodies. However, relatively few experiments have been conducted to determine the dependence of strength properties on gravity. In this work, we experimentally investigated three measures of strength (peak, confined flow, and unconfined flow friction angle) in Earth, Martian, Lunar, and near-zero gravity. The angles were captured in a passive Earth pressure experiment conducted on a reduced gravity flight. The results showed no dependence of the peak friction angle on gravity, a weak dependence of the confined flow friction angle on gravity, and no dependence of the unconfined flow friction angle on gravity. These results highlight the importance of understanding strength and deformation mechanisms of granular material at different levels of gravity.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Alshibli, K.A., Batiste, S.N., Sture, S.: Strain localization in sand: plane strain versus triaxial compression. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 129(6), 483–494 (2003)
Alshibli, K.A., Sture, S.: Shear band formation in plane strain experiments of sand. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 126(6), 495–503 (2000)
Been, K., Jefferies, M.G., Hachey, J.: The critical state of sands. Geotechnique 41(3), 365–381 (1991)
Chakraborty, T., Salgado, R.: Dilatancy and shear strength of sand at low confining pressures. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 136(3), 527–532 (2010)
Holtz, R.D., Kovacs, W.D.: An Introduction to Geotechnical Engineering. Prentice Hall (1981)
Negussey, D., Wijewickreme, W.K.D., Vaid, Y.P.: Constant-volume friction angle of granular materials. Can. Geotech. J. 25(1), 50–55 (1988)
Sadrekarimi, A., Olson, S.M.: Critical state friction angle of sands. Géotechnique 61(9), 771–783 (2011)
Schanz, T., Vermeer, P.A.: Angles of friction and dilatancy of sand. Geotechnique 46, 145–151 (1996)
Simoni, A., Houlsby, G.T.: The direct shear strength and dilatancy of sand-gravel mixtures. Geotech. Geol. Eng. 24(3), 523–549 (2006)
Sutton, M.A., Wolters, W.J., Peters, W.H., Ranson, W.F., McNeill, S.R.: Determination of displacements using an improved digital correlation method. Image Vis. Comput. 1(3), 133–139 (1983)
Terzaghi, K., Peck, R.B., Mesri, G.: Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice. Wiley (1996)
Zou, Meng, Fan, Shichao, Shi, Ruiyang, Yang, Yanjing, Li, Jianqiao: Effect of gravity on the mechanical properties of lunar regolith tested using a low gravity simulation device. J. Terramech. 60, 11–22 (2015)
Acknowledgements
This research was supported in part by the Keck Institute for Space Studies (KISS) at the California Institute of Technology under the program “x-Terramechanics—Integrated Simulation of Planetary Surface Missions”. This support is gratefully acknowledged.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Marshall, J.P. et al. (2017). Analysis of Shear Bands in Sand Under Reduced Gravity Conditions. In: Papamichos, E., Papanastasiou, P., Pasternak, E., Dyskin, A. (eds) Bifurcation and Degradation of Geomaterials with Engineering Applications. IWBDG 2017. Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56397-8_63
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56397-8_63
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-56396-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-56397-8
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)