Aptamer-Based Methods for Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells and Their Potential for Personalized Diagnostics

Chapter
First Online:
Part of the Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology book series (AEMB, volume 994)

Abstract

Cancer diagnostics and treatment monitoring rely on sensing and counting of rare cells such as cancer circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood. Many analytical techniques have been developed to reliably detect and quantify CTCs using unique physical shape and size of tumor cells and/or distinctive patterns of cell surface biomarkers. Main problems of CTC bioanalysis are in the small number of cells that are present in the circulation and heterogeneity of CTCs. In this chapter, we describe recent progress towards the selection and application of synthetic DNA or RNA aptamers to capture and detect CTCs in blood. Antibody-based approaches for cell isolation and purification are limited because of an antibody’s negative effect on cell viability and purity. Aptamers transform cell isolation technology, because they bind and release cells on-demand. The unique feature of anti-CTC aptamers is that the aptamers are selected for cell surface biomarkers in their native state, and conformation without previous knowledge of their biomarkers. Once aptamers are produced, they can be used to identify CTC biomarkers using mass spectrometry. The biomarkers and corresponding aptamers can be exploited to improve cancer diagnostics and therapies .

Keywords

Aptamers Biomarkers Biosensors Circulating tumor cells CTCs Cell isolation Microfluidics 
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Notes

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation Federal Target Program # 14.604.21.0105.

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Copyright information

© Springer International Publishing AG 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  • Anna S. Zamay
    • 1
    • 2
  • Galina S. Zamay
    • 1
    • 2
  • Olga S. Kolovskaya
    • 1
    • 2
  • Tatiana N. Zamay
    • 1
  • Maxim V. Berezovski
    • 3
  1. 1.Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical TechnologiesKrasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Professor V. F. Voyno-YasenetskyKrasnoyarskRussia
  2. 2.Federal Research Center, KSC Siberian branch of Russian Academy of ScienceKrasnoyarskRussia
  3. 3.Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular SciencesUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada

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