Receptor-Cyclic Nucleotide Microdomains in the Heart

Chapter
First Online:
Part of the Cardiac and Vascular Biology book series (Abbreviated title: Card. vasc. biol.)

Abstract

Cyclic nucleotides 3′,5′-cyclic adenosine (cAMP) and 3′,5′-cyclic guanosine monophosphates (cGMP) are important second messengers which regulate cardiac function and disease by acting in spatially separated subcellular microdomains. Function of these microdomains includes but is not limited to the modulation of calcium cycling, excitation-contraction coupling, and cardiac hypertrophy. In recent years, visualization of local compartmentalized cAMP and cGMP dynamics became possible due to rapid development of optical and nonoptical imaging techniques. In this chapter, we will briefly review these state-of-the-art biophysical methods and available fluorescent biosensors which can be used to understand microdomain-specific signaling and its involvement in cardiovascular function and disease.

Keywords

cAMP cGMP Biosensors FRET Microdomain SICM 

Abbreviations

cAMP

3′,5′-Cyclic adenosine monophosphate

CM

Cardiomyocyte

CFP

Cyan fluorescent protein

cGMP

3′,5′-Cyclic guanosine monophosphate

FRET

Förster resonance energy transfer

GFP

Green fluorescent protein

IBMX

3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine

ISO

Isoproterenol

PDE

Phosphodiesterase

PLN

Phospholamban

SICM

Scanning ion conductance microscopy

SR

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

YFP

Yellow fluorescent protein

β-AR

β-Adrenergic receptor

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Notes

Acknowledgment

The work in authors’ laboratory is supported by the grants from the German Research Foundation (“Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft” grants NI 1301/1, NI 1301/2, FOR 2060) and by the Gertraud und Heinz-Rose Stiftung.

Compliance with Ethical Standards

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Copyright information

© Springer International Publishing AG 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular ResearchUniversity Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany
  2. 2.DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/LübeckHamburgGermany

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