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Image Acquisition for Creation of a 3D Model: CT, CMR, and Echocardiography

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Rapid Prototyping in Cardiac Disease

Abstract

3D imaging datasets from cardiac computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), or echocardiography can be used to create 3D virtual models for 3D printing. Although CT imaging is not considered first line to diagnose congenital heart disease, it has significant advantages when a 3D printed cardiac model is needed. Advantages over ultrasound include ability to depict vascular and non-vascular extracardiac structures and coronary anatomy with high tissue contrast between lumen and myocardium/vessel wall. CTA also offers superior spatial resolution to MRI, is more widely available, and can be acquired in shorter imaging times. Compared to cardiac CT, CMR offers the advantages of lack of radiation exposure, better temporal resolution, and good blood to myocardium differentiation without the necessary use of intravenous contrast. Echocardiography on the other hand allows real-time image acquisition often without the need for sedation, provides detailed images of valve anatomy, and is a readily available technology which does not routinely require much advanced notice for use of an ultrasound machine. This chapter covers the details of each technology including descriptions of imaging protocols and settings that may be applied to optimize images to be used for 3D printed model creation.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cardiovascular Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA

    Javier Sanz MD

  2. Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA

    Kanwal Majeed Farooqi MD

  3. Department of Pediatrics and Radiology, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA

    James C. Nielsen MD

  4. Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, USA

    Shubhika Srivastava MBBS

Authors
  1. Javier Sanz MD
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  2. Kanwal Majeed Farooqi MD
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  3. James C. Nielsen MD
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  4. Shubhika Srivastava MBBS
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to James C. Nielsen MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA

    Kanwal Majeed Farooqi

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Sanz, J., Farooqi, K.M., Nielsen, J.C., Srivastava, S. (2017). Image Acquisition for Creation of a 3D Model: CT, CMR, and Echocardiography. In: Farooqi, K. (eds) Rapid Prototyping in Cardiac Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53523-4_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53523-4_3

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-53522-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-53523-4

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