Pathogenesis of Human ACP

Chapter
First Online:

Abstract

In 2002 J.T. Rutka stated in an editorial commentary that: “There is perhaps no other primary brain tumour that evokes more passion, emotion, and, as a result, controversy than does the craniopharyngioma”. This statement clarifies the situation of medical specialists such as endocrinologists, neurosurgeons, neuropathologists, neurooncologists, paediatric oncologists and neuro-radiologists involved in treatment of craniopharyngioma (CP) patients. Although CPs are classified by the WHO as benign tumours, their size and relationship to multiple critical structures can incur massive clinical complications. Here we elucidate the histological and genomic hallmarks, setting adamantinomatous (ACP) apart from papillary craniopharyngiomas (PCP). In addition, molecular mechanisms that we already know to be involved in the pathogenesis of ACP, e.g. Wnt, SHH and EGFR signalling influencing proliferation, morphology, migration and recurrence by the establishment of a presumably tumour stem cell niche, are discussed. Our understanding of the driving force of ACP tumourigenesis opens new avenues for targeted treatment options, e.g. the inhibition of the EGFR.

Keywords

Wnt EGFR SHH CD44 CD133 Cytokeratin p21 BMP4 Ki-67 β-catenin mutation 
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Copyright information

© Springer International Publishing AG 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.University Hospital, Friedrich—Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany

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