Influence of Emotional Motions in Human-Robot Interactions

  • Magda Dubois
  • Josep-Arnau Claret
  • Luis Basañez
  • Gentiane Venture
Conference paper
Part of the Springer Proceedings in Advanced Robotics book series (SPAR, volume 1)

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to establish if emotional motions are important for the human perception of robots using proxemics as a tool. In this Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) experiment, participants were given instructions from a robot that was conveying either a sad, happy or neutral emotion. The emotional motions were generated as a low priority task using the robot Jacobian null-space. Participants were guided by the robot to sit at a desk to fill in a questionnaire and then to approach the robot to a distance that made them feel comfortable. A significant difference was found between the distance taken towards the robot in the Happy and the Sad conditions confirming our hypothesis that emotions conveyed by the robots influence how it is perceived.

Keywords

Proxemics HRI Emotional motion 

Notes

Acknowledgement

This research is supported by the JSPS Challenging Exploratory Research Grant 15K12124, and partially supported by the Spanish MINECO project DPI2014-57757-R and the Spanish predoctoral grant BES-2012-054899.

References

  1. 1.
    Barnes, L., Fincannon, T., Murphy, R., Riddle, D.R.: Evidence of the need for social intelligence in rescue robots. In: IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, pp. 1089–1095 (2004)Google Scholar
  2. 2.
    Fiore, S.M., Wiltshire, T.J., Lobato, E.J.C., Jentsch, F.G., Huang, W.H., Axelrod, B.: Toward understanding social cues and signals in humanrobot interaction: effects of robot gaze and proxemic behavior. Front. Psychol. 4(859), 1–15 (2013)Google Scholar
  3. 3.
    Breazeal, C.: Social interactions in HRI: the robot view. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part C 34(2), 181–186 (2004)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. 4.
    Mori, M.: The uncanny valley. Energy 7(4), 33–35 (1970)Google Scholar
  5. 5.
    Bethel, C.L., Murphy, R.R.: Survey of non-facial and non-verbal affective expressions for appearance-constrained robots. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part C 38, 83–92 (2008)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. 6.
    Moshkina, L., Arkin, R.C.: Human perspective on affective robotic behavior: a longitudinal study. In: IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, Edmonton, Canada (2005)Google Scholar
  7. 7.
    Przyrembel, M., Smallwood, J., Pauen, M., Singer, T.: Illuminating the dark matter of social neuroscience: considering the problem of social interaction from philosophical, psychological, and neuroscientific perspectives. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 6, 190 (2012)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  8. 8.
    Hall, E.T.: The Hidden Dimension. Doubleday, New York (1966)Google Scholar
  9. 9.
    Kenneth, B.: Little, personal space. J. Exp. Soc. Psychol. 1, 237–247 (1965)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  10. 10.
    Knapp, M.L., Hall, J., Horgan, T.: Nonverbal Communication in Human Interaction. Wadsworth Publishing, New York (2013)Google Scholar
  11. 11.
    Baumeister, R.F., Bushman, B.J.: Social Psychology and Human Nature. Wadsworth Publishing, Belmont (2008)Google Scholar
  12. 12.
    Walters, M.L., Koay, K.L., Dautenhahn, K., te Boekhorst, R., Syrdal, D.S.: Human approach distances to a mechanical-looking robot with different robot voice styles. In: 17th IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Interactive Communication, pp. 707–712, Munich (2008)Google Scholar
  13. 13.
    Walters, M.L., Koay, K.L., Dautenhahn, K., te Boekhorst, R.: The influence of subjects personality traits on personal spatial zones in a human-robot interaction experiment. In: IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Interactive Communication, Nashville, TN (2005)Google Scholar
  14. 14.
    Izui, T., Milleville, I., Sakka, S., Venture, G.: Expressing emotions using gait of humanoid robot. In: 4th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication, Kobe (2015)Google Scholar
  15. 15.
    Mumm, J., Mutlu, B.: HumanRobot Proxemics: physical and psychological distancing in humanrobot interaction. In: 6th International Conference on HumanRobot Interaction, Lausanne, Switzerland (2011)Google Scholar
  16. 16.
    Mukaka, M.M.: Statistics corner: a guide to appropriate use of correlation coefficient in medical research. Malawi Med. J. 24, 69–71 (2012)Google Scholar
  17. 17.
    Bartneck, C., Croft, E., Kulic, D.: Measuring the anthropomorphism, animacy, likeability, perceived intelligence, and perceived safety of robots. In: Metrics for HRI Workshop, Technical report, vol. 471, pp. 37–44 (2008)Google Scholar
  18. 18.
    McCrae, R.R., John, O.P.: An introduction to the five-factor model and its applications. J. Pers. 60(2), 175–215 (1992)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  19. 19.
    Goldberg, L.R.: The development of markers for the big-five factor structure. Psychol. Assess. 4, 26–42 (1992)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  20. 20.
    Nomura, T., Shintani, T., Fujii, K., Hokabe, K.: Experimental investigation of relationships between anxiety, negative attitudes, and allowable distance of robots. In: International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, pp. 13–18 (2007)Google Scholar
  21. 21.
  22. 22.
    Mehrabian, A.: Pleasure-arousal-dominance: a general framework for describing and measuring individual differences in Temperament. Current Psychol. 14(4), 261–292 (1996). SpringerMathSciNetCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  23. 23.
    Glowinski, D., Dael, N., Camurri, A., Volpe, G., Mortillaro, M., Scherer, K.: Towards a minimal representation of affective gestures. IEEE Trans. Affect. Comput. 2, 106–118 (2011)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  24. 24.
    Adams Jr., B.R., Kleck, R.E.: Effects of direct and averted gaze on the perception of facially communicated emotion. Emotion 5, 3–11 (2005)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  25. 25.
    Carney, D.R., Hall, J.A., LeBeau, L.S.: Beliegs about the nonverbal expression of social power. J. Nonverbal Behav. 29, 105–123 (2005)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  26. 26.
    Chiaverini, S., Oriolo, G., Walker, I.D.: Springer Handbook of Robotics. Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., New York (2007). Chap. 11Google Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer International Publishing AG 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  • Magda Dubois
    • 1
  • Josep-Arnau Claret
    • 2
  • Luis Basañez
    • 2
  • Gentiane Venture
    • 1
  1. 1.Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyTokyoJapan
  2. 2.Institute of Industrial and Control EngineeringTechnical University of Catalonia (UPC), BarcelonaTECHBarcelonaSpain

Personalised recommendations