Proceedings of the 8th Pacific Rim International Congress on Advanced Materials and Processing pp 2183-2190 | Cite as
Microstructure and Properties of Low Manganese API X70 Pipeline Steel for Sour Service Application
Abstract
The microstructure and properties of a low manganese (0.9–1.0%Mn) X70 pipeline steel for sour service application was investigated. The microstructure of thermomechanically processed X70 pipeline steel primarily consisted of acicular ferrite (AF) together with small fraction of polygonal ferrite(PF), degenerated pearlite (DP) and martensite/austenite (M/A) constituent. The AF predominant microstructure is fine, homogeneous and free of band structure of hard phase. Precipitates were characterized in terms of morphology, size and chemistry. Higher yield strength levels up to 545MPa and tensile strength levels up to 640 MPa were achieved while excellent low-temperature toughness was obtained. The steel also exhibits high hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) resistance. The results indicates that low manganese X70 steel can be an alternative to conventional high manganese X70 steel applied in sour environment.
Keywords
Hydrogen Induced Crack Low Manganese Microstructure PropertiesPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Reference
- [1]D. Hardie, E. A. Charles, and A. H. Lopez, “Hydrogen Embrittlement of High Strength Pipeline Steels,” Corros. Sci., 48 (2006), 4378–4385CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- [2]R. Mendoza et al., “Development of An API 5L X70 Grade Steel for Sour Gas Resistance Pipeline Application,” J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 8 (1999), 549–555CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- [3]A. Takahashi and M. Iinoi, “Thermo-mechanical Control Process as a Tool to Grain-refine the Low Manganese Containing Steel for Sour Service Line Pipe,” ISIJ Int., 36(1996), 235–240CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- [4]D. Hejazi et al., “Effect of Manganese Content and Microstructure on the Susceptibility of X70 Pipeline Steel to Hydrogen Cracking,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A., 551 (2012), 40–49CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- [5]S. S. Nayak et al., “Microstructure and Properties of Low Manganese and Niobium Containing HIC Pipeline Steel,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A., 494 (2008), 456–463CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- [6]T. Schambron et al., “Thermomechanical Processing of Pipeline Steel with a Reduced Mn Content,” ISIJ Int., 49(2009), 284–292CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- [7]S. Y. Han et al., “Effects of Mo, Cr, and V Additions on Tensile and Charpy Impact Properties of API X80 Pipeline Steels,” Metall. Mater. Trans. A., 40(2009), 1851–1862CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- [8]S. Y. Shin et al., “Fracture-Toughness Analysis in Transition-Temperature Region of Three American Petroleum Institute X70 and X80 Pipeline Steels”, Metall. Mater. Trans. A., 40 (2009), 867–876CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- [9]W. K. Kim et al., “Effect of Environmental and Metallurgical Factors on Hydrogen Induced Cracking of H S L A Steels,” Corros. Sci., 50 (2008), 3336–3342CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- [10]S. S hanmugam et al., “Microstructure of High Strength Niobium-containing Pipeline Steel,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A., 441(2006), 215–229CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- [11]S. Shanmugam et al., “Impact Toughness and Microstructure Relationship in Niobium- and Vanadium-microalloyed Steels Processed with Vried Cooling Rates to Similar Yield Strength,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A., 437(2006), 436–445CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- [12]F. R. Xiao et al., “Acicular Ferritic Microstructure of A Low-carbon Mn-Mo-Nb Microalloyed Pipeline Steel,” Mater. Charact., 54 (2005), 305–314CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- [13]G. T. Park et al., “Effect of Microstructure on the Hydrogen Trapping Efficiency and Hydrogen Induced Cracking of Linepipe Steel,” Corros. Sci., 50 (2008), 1865–1871CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- [14]C. P. Reip, S. Shanmugam, and R. D. K. Misra, “High Strength Microalloyed CMn(V-Nb-Ti) and CMn(V-Nb) Pipeline Steels Processed through CSP Thin-slab Technology: Microstructure, Precipitation and Mechanical Properties,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A., 424 (2006), 307–317CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- [15]B. Beidokhti, A. Dolati, and A.H. Koukabi, “Effects of Alloying Elements and Microstructure on the Susceptibility of the Welded HSLA Steel to Hydrogen-Induced Cracking and Sulfide Stress Cracking,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A., 507 (2009), 167–173CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- [16]C. Hurtado Nore˜na and P. Bruzzoni, “Effect of Microstructure on Hydrogen Diffusion and Trapping in a Modified 9%Cr-1%Mo Steel,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A., 527 (2010), 410–416CrossRefGoogle Scholar