Bacillus spp.: A Prolific Siderophore Producer

  • Arif Khan
  • Hiren V. Doshi
  • Mukund Chandra Thakur
Chapter
First Online:

Abstract

Bacillus species comprises of several hundred species and is characterized as non-spore- or endospore-forming, straight or slightly curved Gram-positive rods, which may turn Gram-negative with age, and single or multi-flagellate and grows in aerobic or facultative anaerobic conditions. Bacillus spp. include xenobiotic biodegraders, plant growth promoters, siderophore producers and human & plant pathogens.

Iron is a micronutrient and the fourth most abundant element in the earth’s crust. Bacteria need iron for a range of metabolic and signaling functions including electron transport, peroxide reduction, amino acid & nucleoside synthesis, DNA synthesis, photosynthesis and most importantly – some virulence traits. Bacillus spp. have developed a mechanism for acquiring iron by the use of siderophores. Siderophores are small iron-chelating molecules that have high affinity for iron. Siderophores show a wide range of variety in their structure. Some siderophores are comprised of a peptide backbone with various coordinating iron-ligating groups. Bacillus spp. produce a wide variety of siderophores such as bacillibactin, pyoverdine, pyochelin, schizokinen, petrobactin, etc. which play a crucial role in its existence.

Keywords

Bacillus subtilis Siderophore Iron chelator Bacillibactin Iron-chelating receptor 
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Copyright information

© Springer International Publishing AG 2016

Authors and Affiliations

  • Arif Khan
    • 1
  • Hiren V. Doshi
    • 2
  • Mukund Chandra Thakur
    • 1
  1. 1.Department of BiotechnologyAshok and Rita Patel Institute of Integrated Study and Research in Biotechnology and Allied SciencesAnandIndia
  2. 2.Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryAshok and Rita Patel Institute of Integrated Study and Research in Biotechnology and Allied SciencesAnandIndia

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