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Role of PACAP and VIP Signalling in Regulation of Chondrogenesis and Osteogenesis

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Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide — PACAP

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Neurotoxicity ((Current Topics Neurotoxicity,volume 11))

Abstract

Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) are multifunctional proteins that can regulate diverse physiological processes. These are also regarded as neurotrophic and anti-inflammatory substances in the CNS, and PACAP is reported to prevent harmful effects of oxidative stress. In the last decade more and more data accumulated on the similar function of PACAP in various tissues, but its cartilage- and bone-related presence and functions have not been widely investigated yet. In this summary we plan to verify the presence and function of PACAP and VIP signalling tool kit during cartilage differentiation and bone formation. We give evidence about the protective function of PACAP in cartilage regeneration with oxidative or mechanically stress and also with the modulation of PACAP signalling in vitro in osteogenic cells. Our observations imply the therapeutic perspective that PACAP might be applicable as a natural agent exerting protecting effect during joint inflammation and/or may promote cartilage regeneration during degenerative diseases of articular cartilage.

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Abbreviations

ALP:

Alkaline phosphatase

BMP:

Bone morphogenetic protein

cAMP:

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate

CREB:

cAMP response element-binding protein

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

HH:

Hedgehog

IHH:

Indian Hedgehog

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase

NFAT:

Nuclear factor of activated T cells

PAC1:

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor

PACAP:

Pituitary adenylate cyclase polypeptide

PKA:

Protein kinase A

PKC:

Protein kinase C

PP2A:

Protein phosphatase 2A

PP2B:

Protein phosphatase 2B

PTHrP:

Parathyroid hormone related peptide

Runx2:

Runt-related transcription factor 2

SHH:

Sonic Hedgehog

TGFβ:

Transforming growth factor-β

VIP:

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide

VPAC:

Vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Mrs. Krisztina Bíró for excellent technical assistance and to Ms. Andrea Pálfi, Ms. Solveig Lind Helgadottir, Ms. Katarina Karadottir, and Mr. Vince Szegecki medical students for their skillful help during the studies and for Mathias Skafte Andersen for the graphical figures. This work was supported by grants from Akira Arimura Foundation Research Grant, the Hungarian Science Research Fund (OTKA 119759 and OTKA K 104984), PTE AOK KA Research Grant, Bolyai Scholarship, and the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA “Lendület” Program) and from the New Széchenyi Plan (TÁMOP-4.2.2.A-11/1/KONV-2012-0053; The project is co-financed by the European Union and the European Social Fund). This research and T.J. was supported by Szodoray Lajos and Magyary Zoltán Funds by the European Union and the State of Hungary, co-financed by the European Social Fund in the framework of TÁMOP 4.2.4. A/2-11-1-2012-0001 “National Excellence Program” New National Excellence Program (UNKP). This work is dedicated to the 650th anniversary of the University of Pecs. T.J. and R.Z. are supported by GOP-1.1.1-11-2012-0197 financed by the Hungarian government and the EU. This work was supported by the University of Debrecen (RH/751/2015).

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  1. Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary

    Tamas Juhasz & Roza Zakany

  2. Department of Anatomy, MTA-PTE “Lendület” PACAP Research Team, Medical School, University of Pecs, Szigeti út 12, Pecs, 7624, Hungary

    Andrea Tamas & Dora Reglodi

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  1. Tamas Juhasz
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Correspondence to Tamas Juhasz .

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  1. Department of Anatomy MTA-PTE “Lendulet” PACAP Research Team, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary

    Dora Reglodi

  2. Department of Anatomy MTA-PTE “Lendulet” PACAP Research Team, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary

    Andrea Tamas

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Juhasz, T., Tamas, A., Zakany, R., Reglodi, D. (2016). Role of PACAP and VIP Signalling in Regulation of Chondrogenesis and Osteogenesis. In: Reglodi, D., Tamas, A. (eds) Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide — PACAP. Current Topics in Neurotoxicity, vol 11. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-35135-3_20

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