Developing and Validating the Measurement Scale of e-Marketing Orientation

Conference paper
Part of the Developments in Marketing Science: Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science book series (DMSPAMS)

Abstract

Nowadays, firms have realized the importance of using electronic facilities for supporting services to their customers and suppliers. For achieving a higher value about operating activities, firms must emphasis on R&D and technological development to integrate customer needs and develop the capabilities for searching and acquiring information via e-Business tools. Furthermore, managers and decision makers may use marketing 4P mix to plan their marketing activities in order to enter into a new market. Thus, it’s the most important thing for firms to know how to acquire market information to satisfy customers’ needs. In this vein, electronic marketing is regarded as a strategic weapon for firms. Given the important issue for electronic marketing orientation (EMO), we try to develop an assessment instrument of EMO according to the empirical data collected from top-ranked companies of manufacturing and service industries in Taiwan. Confirmation Factor Analysis (CFA) is employed to analyze and examine the items. A pool contains 14 items for measuring EMO is generated. The measurement scale contains of three constructs, namely cultural philosophical, initiation, and system development and integration. Finally, meaningful implications and future directions for this topic are also proposed.

Keywords

EMO Cultural philosophical Initiation System development and integration 

Notes

Acknowledgement

This study was funded by the Taiwan Ministry of Science and Technology under project number MOST 102-2410-H-214-013 and MOST 103-2410-H-214-006.

References

  1. Asgharizadeh, E., Ekhlassi, A., & Toloei, P. (2010). Evaluation of the relationship between electronic-marketing and market-driven companies. Proceedings of 2010 International Conference on e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning, 168–172.Google Scholar
  2. Asikhia, O. U. (2009). The moderating role of e-Marketing on the consequences of market orientation in Nigerian firms. International Journal of Business and Information, 4(2), 243–270.Google Scholar
  3. Avlonitis, G. J., & Gounaris, S. P. (1997). Marketing orientation and company performance: Industrial vs. consumer goods companies. Industrial Marketing Management, 26, 385–402.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. Avlonitis, G. J., & Gounaris, S. P. (1999). Marketing orientation and its determinants: An empirical analysis. European Journal of Marketing, 33(11/12), 1003–1037.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation model. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1), 74–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. Barley, S. R. (1991). Contextualizing conflict: Notes on the anthropology of disputes and negotiations. Research on Negotiation in Organizations, 3, 165–199.Google Scholar
  7. Becherer, R. C., Halstead, D., & Haynes, P. (2001). Marketing orientation in SMEs: Effects of the internal environment. Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship, 3(1), 1–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  8. Brady, M., Saren, M., & Tzokas, N. (2002). Integrating information technology into marketing practice—The IT reality of contemporary marketing practice. Journal of Marketing Management, 18(5/6), 555–577.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  9. Capon, N., & Glazer, R. (1987). Marketing and technology: A strategic coalignment. Journal of Marketing, 51(3), 1–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  10. Chaffey, D., Ellis-Chadwick, F., Johnso, K., & Mayer, R. (2006). Internet marketing: Strategy, implementation and practice. Harlow, England: Pearson Education.Google Scholar
  11. Chailom, P. (2012). Antecedents and consequences of e-Marking strategy: Evidence from e-Commerce business in Thailand. International Journal of Business Strategy, 12(2), 75–87.Google Scholar
  12. Deshpandé, R., Farley, J. U., & Webster, F. E. (1993). Corporate culture, customer orientation and innovativeness in Japanese firms: A quadrant analyses. Journal of Marketing, 57(1), 23–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  13. Deshpandé, R., & Webster, F. (1989). Organizational culture and marketing: Defining the research. Journal of Marketing, 53(1), 3–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  14. Ebert, R. J., & Griffin, R. W. (2000). Business essentials. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hell.Google Scholar
  15. Eid, R., & El-Gohary, H. (2012). The impact of e-Marketing use on small business enterprises’ marketing success. Service Industries Journal, 33(1), 34–50.Google Scholar
  16. El-Gohary, H. (2010). E-Marketing—A literature review from a small businesses perspective. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 1(1), 214–244.Google Scholar
  17. El-Gohary, H. (2012). Factors affecting e-Marketing adoption and implementation in tourism firms: An empirical investigation of Egyptian small tourism organisation. Tourism Management, 33(5), 1256–1269.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  18. Elliot, G. (1987). The marketing concept: Necessary but sufficient? European Journal of Marketing, 21(2), 20–30.Google Scholar
  19. Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. E. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  20. Gatignon, H., & Xuereb, J. M. (1997). Strategic orientation of the firm and new product performance. Journal of Marketing Research, 34, 77–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  21. Grönroos, C. (2001). Service management and marketing: A customer relationship management approach (2nd ed.). New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
  22. Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate data analysis. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.Google Scholar
  23. Horst, T., & Andreas, S. (2008). The effect of e-Commerce on the integration of IT structure and brand architecture. Information Systems Journal, 18(5), 479–498.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  24. Jaworski, B. J., & Kohli, A. K. (1993). Market orientation: Antecedents and consequences. Journal of Marketing, 57(3), 53–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  25. Jayachandran, S., Sharma, S., Kaufman, P., & Raman, P. (2005). The role of relational information processes and technology use in customer relationship management. Journal of Marketing, 69(4), 177–192.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  26. Kalakota, R., & Robinson, M. (2001). E-Business 2.0: Roadmap for success. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.Google Scholar
  27. Kim, N., & Jae, H. P. (2007). Utilization of new technologies: Organizational adaption to business environment. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 35(2), 259–269.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  28. Kobylanski, A., & Szulc, R. (2011). Development of marketing orientation in small and medium-sized enterprises evidence from Eastern Europe. International Journal of Management and Marketing Research, 4(1), 49–59.Google Scholar
  29. Kohli, A. K., & Jaworski, B. J. (1990). Market orientation: The construct, research propositions, and managerial implications. Journal of Marketing, 54(2), 1–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  30. Kotler, P. (2000). Marketing management-analysis, planning implementation and control (l0th ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
  31. Levenburg, N. M. (2005). Delivering customer value online: An analysis of practices, applications, and performance. Journal of Retailing and Customer Services, 12(5), 319–331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  32. Martinez, J. I., & Jarillo, J. C. (1989). The evolution of research on coordination mechanisms in multinational corporations. Journal of International Business Studies, 20(3), 489–514.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  33. Motwani, J., Subramanian, R., & Gopalakrishna, P. (2005). Critical factors for successful ERP implementation: Exploratory findings from four case studies. Computers in Industry, 56(6), 529–544.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  34. Nakata, C., & Zhu, Z. (2006). Information technology and customer orientation: A study of direct, mediated, and interactive linkages. Journal of Marketing Management, 22(3–4), 319–354.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  35. Narver, J. C., & Slater, S. F. (1990). The effect of a market orientation on business profitability. Journal of Marketing, 54(4), 20–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  36. O’Brien, J. A., & Marakas, G. M. (2009). Management information systems (9th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin.Google Scholar
  37. Oakey, R. (1991). Innovation and the management of marketing in high technology firms. Journal of Marketing Management, 7(4), 343–356.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  38. Olson, E. M., Slater, S. F., & Hult, T. M. (2005). The performance implications of fit among business strategy, marketing organization structure, and strategic behavior. Journal of Marketing, 69(1), 49–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  39. Plouffe, R. L. (1990). System integration: An integrator’s perspective. Information Executive, 3(3), 25–27.Google Scholar
  40. Richardson, P. (2001). Internet marketing. Boston: McGraw-Hill Irwin.Google Scholar
  41. Shaltoni, A. M. (2006). E-marking adoption in organization. In C. Gray & S. Zappala (Eds.), Impact of e-Commerce and small firms (pp. 129–138). London: Sage.Google Scholar
  42. Shaltoni, A., & West, D. (2010). The measurement of e-Marketing orientation (EMO) in business-to-business markets. Industrial Marketing Management, 39, 1097–1102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  43. Shama, A. (2001). E-Coms and their marketing strategies. Business Horizons, 44(5), 14–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  44. Slater, S. F., & Narver, J. C. (1999). Market-oriented is more than being customer-led. Strategic Management Journal, 20(12), 1165–1168.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  45. Smith, P. R., & Chaffey, D. (2005). E-Marketing excellence: At the heart of e-Business (2nd ed.). Oxford, England: Butterworth Heinemann.Google Scholar
  46. Srinivasan, R., Lilien, G., & Rangaswamy, A. (2002). Technological opportunism and radical technology adoption: An application to e-Business. Journal of Marketing, 66(3), 47–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  47. Strauss, J., EI-ansary, A., & Frost, R. (2006). E-Marketing. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.Google Scholar
  48. Trainor, K. J., Rapp, A., Beitelspacher, L. S., & Schillewaert, N. (2011). Integrating information technology and marketing: An examination of the drivers and outcomes of e-Marketing capability. Industrial Marketing Management, 40, 162–174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  49. Tsiotsou, R., & Vlachopoulou, M. (2009). E-marking orientation: Conceptualization and scale development. Proceedings of 2nd Biennial International Conference on Services Marketing, Thessaloniki, Greece, 580–590.Google Scholar
  50. Tsiotsou, R. H., & Vlachopoulou, M. (2011). Understanding the effects of market orientation and e-Marketing on service performance. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 29(2), 141–155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Academy of Marketing Science 2016

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.I-Shou UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
  2. 2.Chang Jung Christian UniversityTainanTaiwan

Personalised recommendations