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North Atlantic Rhodolith Beds

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First Online:
Part of the Coastal Research Library book series (COASTALRL, volume 15)

Abstract

Beds of coralline algal sediment form ecologically and economically important habitats in the North Atlantic. These habitats can occur from the intertidal down to 60 m depth, and they are locally abundant in several countries. Thirteen species of coralline algae form rhodoliths or maerl in this region; Lithothamnion corallioides, L. glaciale, L. tophiforme and Phymatolithon calcareum are the most widely recorded. The structure and biodiversity of these habitats is destroyed by dredging and can be degraded by towed demersal fishing gear and by mussel and salmon farming. Legislation has been passed in the European Union (EU) to protect P. calcareum and L. corallioides which should be extended to include the other maerl species from the region. Outside the EU there is a lack of baseline information concerning the importance of these habitats: a fuller understanding of their role may lead to protection in Scandinavia, Iceland and the Atlantic coasts of Canada and the United States. The design of such protected areas would need to consider the ongoing effects of invasive species, ocean warming and acidification.

Keywords

Ocean Acidification Coralline Alga Grateloupia Turuturu European Union Habitat Directive Bonnemaisonia Hamifera 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Notes

Acknowledgements

JHK acknowledges support from CONACyt-Mexico, SEP-Mexico, Smithsonian Institution-USA and National University of Ireland, Galway. Studies on the Iberian Peninsula were supported by the research projects CGL2006-03576/BOS (Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia and FEDER) and PGIDIT03PXIB10301PR (Xunta de Galicia). VP acknowledges support by Xunta de Galicia (Plan Galego de Investigación, Innovación e Crecemento, Plan I2C, 2011–2015), Universidade da Coruña and Programa Nacional de Movilidad de Recursos Humanos (Spain’s Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad). JHS acknowledges support from the EU ’Mediterranean Sea Acidification under a changing climate’ project (MedSeA; grant agreement 265103).

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Copyright information

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.National Museum of Natural HistorySmithsonian InstitutionWashington, DCUSA
  2. 2.Irish Seaweed Research Group, Ryan InstituteNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayIreland
  3. 3.Phycology Research GroupGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
  4. 4.Marine Biology and Ecology Research CentrePlymouth UniversityPlymouthUK
  5. 5.Shimonda Marine Research CentreUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
  6. 6.Séries Faune-Flore, Observatoire UMS 3113Institut universitaire Européen de la MerPlouzaneFrance
  7. 7.Botany Department, National Museum of Natural HistorySmithsonian InstitutionWashington, DCUSA
  8. 8.Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’AmbienteUniversità Politecnica delle MarcheAnconaItaly
  9. 9.School of Biological SciencesThe Queen’s University of BelfastBelfastIreland
  10. 10.Grupo de investigación BIOCOSTUniversity of A CoruñaCoruñaSpain
  11. 11.Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, UMR 7205 ISYEB CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (MNHN)ParisFrance

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