The Emergence of Civil Society Networks
Abstract
This chapter explores the factors that drive the emergence of formalised networks/coalitions of civil society actors in the supranational legal arena. Seven factors are key. The first is the dramatic increase of problems of global – rather than local – dimensions that are dealt with by civil society activists. Exemplary are environmental protection and human rights. The second factor is the diffusion of technology, which has decreased the costs of trans-boundary communications, providing means for non-state actors to communicate with greater frequency. The globalisation of mass media is the third factor that is driving the tendency to a networked civil society. The fourth factor consists of the dramatic increase of transportation of goods and people around the world. A fifth catalyst of a networked civil society is globalized knowledge. This has enabled a growth in interactions between students, scholars, universities, think tanks and other centres of cultural activity, and is shaping the identity of future civil society leaders. Fundraising is the sixth factor behind the emergence of civil society coalitions. Finally, but decisively, this Chapter explains the growing prominence of coalitions of civil society actors by addressing the benefits for both non-state actors and supranational regulators that result from joining into a network. Benefits for civil society actors include increased visibility and opportunity for advocacy. Benefits for supranational regulators include the chance to improve their accountability/legitimacy and reduce costs.
Keywords
Civil Society Global Issue Civil Society Actor Tropical Deforestation International TerrorismReferences
- Archibugi, D., and D. Held (eds.). 1995. Cosmopolitan democracy: An agenda for a new world order. Cambridge: Polity Press.Google Scholar
- Benkler, Y. 2006. The wealth of networks: How social production transforms markets and freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
- Bennett, L.W. (ed.). 2008. Civic life online: Learning how digital media can engage youth. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
- Berger, P.L., and S.P. Huntington (eds.). 2002. Many globalizations: Cultural diversity in the contemporary world. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
- Chanda, N. 2007. Bound together. How traders, preachers, adventurers, and warriors shaped globalisation. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
- De Sismondi J.C.L., “L’Amérique” (1827) Revue Encyclopédique 22.Google Scholar
- Deutsch, K.W. 1957. Political community and the North Atlantic area. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
- Harcourt, W. 2003. The impact of transnational discourses on local community organizing. Development 46: 74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Howse, R. 2008. The end of the globalization debate: A review essay. Harvard Law Review 121: 1528–1554.Google Scholar
- Irye, A. 1997. Cultural internationalism and world order. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.Google Scholar
- Juris, J.S. 2008. Networking futures: The movements against corporate globalization. Durham: Duke University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Kirstner, S. 1999. Non profit motive. Wired Magazine 7, 7 September.Google Scholar
- McLuhan, M. 1962. The Gutenberg Galaxy: The making of typographic man. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.Google Scholar
- Middendorf, G., and L. Busch. 1997. Inquiry for the public good: Democratic participation in agricultural research. Agriculture and Human Values 14: 45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Powell, W.W. 1990. Neither market nor hierarchy: Network forms of organization. Research in Organizational Behavior 12: 295.Google Scholar
- Reinicke, W. 2001. Walking the talk: Global public policy in action, global public policies and programs. Washington, DC: World Bank, World Bank Publications.Google Scholar
- Rheingold, H. 1993. The virtual community: Homesteading on the electronic frontier. Boston: MIT Press.Google Scholar
- Ruzza, C. 2006. European institutions and the policy discourse of organized civil society. In Civil society and legitimate European governance, ed. S. Smismans. Cheltenham: Edward Edgar.Google Scholar
- Singh Grewal, D. 2008. Network power. The social dynamics of globalization. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
- Webster, A. 2009. Discussion at the Annenberg School of Journalism.Google Scholar
- Weiss, T.G., and L. Gordenker (eds.). 1996. NGOs the UN, and global governance. Boulder: Lynne Rienner.Google Scholar