Electrochemical Impedance Study on Poly(Alkylenedioxy)Thiophene Nanostructures: Solvent and Potential Effect
Abstract
Conducting polymers can be doped and dedoped rapidly to a high charge density, hence, they can be applied as active materials for supercapacitors. Higher energy densities can be achieved because charging occurs through very thin thicknesses from the nano to microscale range. Taking into account the costs and compatibility of the materials, the modification of carbon fiber by electrocoating of poly(3,4-alkylenedioxythiophene)s for microsupercapacitor applications seems to be a very attractive method. [3,4-(2,2-dimethylpropylenedioxy)thiophene] was electrodeposited cyclovoltametrically onto the carbon fiber micro electrode. An electrochemical impedance spectroscopic study was performed at applied potential, in different electrolytes and solvents and evaluated with our previous findings by reviewing.
Keywords
Carbon Fiber Double Layer Capacitance Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Measurement Polarity Index Electrochemical Impedance MeasurementReferences
- 1.G. Heywang, F. Jonas, Adv. Mater. 4, 116 (1992)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 2.F. Jonas, L. Schrader, Synth. Met. 41, 831–836 (1991)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 3.K.S. Ryu, Y.G. Lee, Y.S. Hong, Y.J. Park, X. Wu, K.M. Kim, M.G. Kang, N.G. Park, S.H. Chang, Electrochim. Acta 50, 843–847 (2004)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 4.D.M. Welsh, L.J. Kloeppner, L. Madrigal, M.R. Pinto, B.C. Thompson, K.S. Schanze, K.A. Abboud, D. Powell, J.R. Reynolds, Macromolecules 35, 6517 (2002)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 5.A. Cirpan, A.A. Argun, C.R.G. Grenier, B.D. Reeves, J.R. Reynolds, J. Mater. Chem. 13, 2422 (2003)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 6.S.P. Mishra, R. Sahoo, A.V. Ambade, A.Q. Contractor, A. Kumar, J. Mater. Chem. 14, 1896 (2004)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 7.C.L. Gaupp, D.M. Welsh, J.R. Reynolds, Macromol. Rapid Commun. 23, 885 (2002)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 8.B.C. Thompson, P. Schottland, K. Zong, J.R. Reynolds, Chem. Mater. 12, 1563 (2000)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 9.C.L. Gaupp, D.M. Welsh, R.D. Rauh, J.R. Reynolds, Chem. Mater. 14, 3964 (2002)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 10.D.M. Welsh, A. Kumar, E.W. Meijer, J.R. Reynolds, Adv. Mater. 11, 1379 (1999)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 11.I. Schwendeman, J. Hwang, D.M. Welsh, D.B. Tanner, J.R. Reynolds, Adv. Mater. 13, 634 (2001)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 12.C. Xu, L. Liu, S. Legenski, M. Le Guilly, M. Taya, A. Weidner, Proc. SPIE-Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 4692, 442 (2002)Google Scholar
- 13.C. Xu, L. Liu, S. Legenski, M. Le Guilly, M. Taya, A. Weidner, Proc. SPIE-Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 5051, 404 (2003)ADSGoogle Scholar
- 14.C. Xu, L. Liu, S.E. Legenski, D. Ning, M. Taya, J. Mater. Res. 19, 2072 (2004)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 15.P.-H. Aubert, A.A. Argun, A. Cirpan, D.B. Tanner, J.R. Reynolds, Chem. Mater. 16, 2386 (2004)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 16.A.A. Argun, M. Berard, P.-H. Aubert, J.R. Reynolds, Adv. Mater. 17, 422 (2005)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 17.A.A. Argun, J.R. Reynolds, J. Mater. Chem. 15, 1793 (2005)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 18.A.S. Sarac, B. Schulz, A. Gencturk, H.D. Gilsing, Surf. Eng. 24, 5 (2008)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 19.E. Barsoukov, J.R. Macdonald, Impedance spectroscopy: theory, experiment, and applications, 2nd edn. (Wiley Interscience Publications, NJ, 2005)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 20.W.C. Chen, T.C. Wen, H.S. Teng, Electrochim. Acta 48, 641–649 (2003)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 21.T.C. Weng, H.S. Teng, J. Electrochem. Soc. 148, A368–A373 (2001)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 22.A. Lewandowski, M. Zajder, E. Frackowiak, F. Beguin, Electrochim. Acta 46, 2777–2780 (2001)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 23.A.S. Sarac, J. Springer, Surf. Coat. Technol. 160, 227–238 (2002)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 24.A.S. Sarac, U. Evans, M. Serantoni, J. Clohessy, V.J. Cunnane, Surf. Coat. Technol. 182, 7–13 (2004)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 25.A.S. Sarac, G. Sonmez, F.C. Cebeci, J. Appl. Electrochem. 33, 295–301 (2003)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 26.E. Sezer, A.H.S. Sarac, E.A. Parlak, J. Appl. Electrochem. 33, 1233–1237 (2003)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 27.A.S. Sarac, J. Springer, Surface Coating Tech. 160, 227 (2002)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 28.A.S. Sarac, U. Ev ans, M. Serantoni, V.J. Cunnane, Carbon 41, 2725 (2003)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 29.A.S. Sarac, U. Ev ans, M. Serantoni, J. Clohessy, V.J. Cunnane, Surf. Coat. Tech. 182, 7 (2004)Google Scholar
- 30.A.S. Sarac, S.A.M.T. ofail, M. Serantoni, J. Henry, V.J. Cunnane, J.B. McMonagle, Appl. Surf. Sci. 222, 148 (2004)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 31.M. Serantoni, A.S. Sarac, D. Sutton, Surf. Coat. Tech. 194, 36 (2005)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 32.M. Jamal, A.S. Sarac, E. Magner, Sens. Acts. B 97, 59 (2004)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 33.A.S. Sarac, M. Serantoni, S.A.M.T. Ofail, V.J. Cunnane, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 5, 1677 (2005)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 34.A.S. Sarac, A. Bismarck, J. Springer, J. Mater. Sci. 41, 389 (2006)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 35.A.S. Sarac, Microelec. Eng. 83, 1534 (2006)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 36.C.O. Ania, J. Pernak, F. Stefaniak, E. Raymundo-Pinero, F. Beguin, Carbon 44, 3126 (2006)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 37.O. Barbieri, M. Hahn, A. Herzog, R. Kötz, Carbon 43, 1303 (2005)Google Scholar
- 38.A.J. Bard, L.R. Faulkner, Electrochemical methods: fundamentals and applications, 2nd edn. (John Wiley, New York, 2001)Google Scholar
- 39.S. Sarangapani, B.V. Tilak, C.P. Chen, J. Electrochem. Soc. 143, 3791 (1996)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 40.A.F. Burke, T.C. Murphy, In: D.H. Doughty, B. Vyas, T. Takamura, J.R. Huff (eds.), Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion: Batteries, Capacitors and Fuel Cells, Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, 1995, p. 375Google Scholar
- 41.E. Frackowiak, F. Beguin, Carbon 39, 937–950 (2001)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 42.J.P. Ferraris, M.M. Eissa, I.D. Brotherston, D.C. Loveday, Chem. Mater. 10, 3528–3535 (1998)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 43.A.S. Arico`, P. Bruce, B. Scrosati, J.-M. Tarascon, W. Van Schalkwijk, Nature Mater. 4, 366 (2005)Google Scholar
- 44.R. Kötz, M. Carlen, Electrochim. Acta 45, 2483 (2000)Google Scholar
- 45.A.G. Pandolfo, A.F. Hollenkamp, J. Power Sources 157, 11 (2006)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 46.K. Zong, L. Madrigal, L. Groenendaal, J.R. Reynolds, Chem. Commun. 2498 (2002)Google Scholar
- 47.B. Sankaran, J.R. Reynolds, Macromolecules 30, 2582 (1997)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 48.G. Rauchschwalbe, F. Jonas, EP 1142888, (10.10.2001), CA 135 (2001) 289187eGoogle Scholar
- 49.A.S. Sarac, H.D. Gilsing, A. Gencturk, B. Schulz, Progr. Organic Coating 60, 281–236 (2007)Google Scholar
- 50.S. Trasatti, P. Kurzweil, Platinum Met. Rev. 38, 46 (1994)Google Scholar
- 51.P. Fiordiponti, G. Pistoia, Electrochim. Acta 34, 215–221 (1989)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 52.V. Noel, H. Randriamahazaka, C. Chevrot, J. Electroanal. Chem. 558, 41 (2003)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 53.J. Bobacka, A. Lewenstam, A. Ivaska, J. Electroanal. Chem. 489, 17 (2000)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 54.R.C. Weast, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 1st edn. (1988)Google Scholar
- 55.A.S. Sarac, S.E. Ozgul, A. Gencturk, B. Schulz, H.-D. Gilsing, H. Faltz, Prog. Organic Coatings 69, 527–533 (2010)Google Scholar
- 56.M.C. Turhan, A.S. Sarac, A. Gencturk, H.-D. Gilsing, H. Faltz, B. Schulz, Synthetic Metals 162, 511–515 (2012)Google Scholar