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Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Agronomic, Abiotic and Biotic Stress Traits pp 35–76Cite as

Breeding Crop Plants for Improved Human Nutrition Through Biofortification: Progress and Prospects

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Abstract

Micronutrients are essential minerals and vitamins required by humans in tiny amounts which play a vital role in human health and development. Over three billion people in the world are malnourished, particularly in the developing countries. Current food systems cannot provide sufficiently balanced micronutrients required to meet daily needs and to sustain the wellbeing of people in developing countries. Heavy and monotonous consumption of cereal-based foods which contain limited amounts of micronutrients is one of the major reasons for the significantly high prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies in many of the developing countries. The development of crops with enhanced micronutrient concentration is one of the most sustainable and cost-effective approaches to alleviate micronutrient malnutrition globally. In this chapter we focus on the research to improve mineral element concentration in crops through plant breeding strategies, especially in major cereal crops and a legume which are most widely cultivated and preferred in Africa and Asia. Biofortification is an appropriate strategy to increase the bioavailable concentrations of an element in edible portions of crop plants through traditional breeding practices or modern biotechnology to overcome the problem of micronutrient deficiencies. Therefore, conventional breeding with modern genetic engineering approaches are important for developing crop cultivars with enhanced micronutrient concentrations to improve human health. This chapter reports on biofortification research on rice, pearl millet, sorghum, maize, wheat and common bean.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Program – Dry Land Cereals, International Crops Research Institutefor Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), West and Central Africa (WCA), ICRISAT Sahelian Center, Niamey, BP 12404, Niger

    Prakash I. Gangashetty

  2. Grain Legumes Research Program, International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), West and Central Africa (WCA), Tarauni, Kano, PMB 3491, Nigeria

    Babu N. Motagi

  3. Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 560065, Karnataka, India

    Ramachandra Pavan

  4. Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 580005, Karnataka, India

    Mallikarjun B. Roodagi

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  1. Prakash I. Gangashetty
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  2. Babu N. Motagi
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  3. Ramachandra Pavan
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  4. Mallikarjun B. Roodagi
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Correspondence to Prakash I. Gangashetty .

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  1. Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, King Faisal University, Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia

    Jameel M. Al-Khayri

  2. Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

    Shri Mohan Jain

  3. Cincinnati, Ohio, USA

    Dennis V. Johnson

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Gangashetty, P.I., Motagi, B.N., Pavan, R., Roodagi, M.B. (2016). Breeding Crop Plants for Improved Human Nutrition Through Biofortification: Progress and Prospects. In: Al-Khayri, J., Jain, S., Johnson, D. (eds) Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Agronomic, Abiotic and Biotic Stress Traits. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22518-0_2

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