Abstract
Diabetic macular edema is characterized by retinal thickening in the macula and the ETDRS defined clinically significant macular edema (CSME) as the following:
Keywords
Diabetic Retinopathy Macular Edema Retinitis Pigmentosa Diabetic Macular Edema Cystoid Macular Edema
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
References and Suggested Reading
- 1.Arevalo JF. Diabetic macular edema: changing treatment paradigms. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2014;25(6):502–7.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 2.Bhagat N, Grigorian RA, Tutela A, Zarbin MA. Diabetic macular edema: pathogenesis and treatment. Surv Ophthalmol. 2009;54(1):1–32.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 3.Kiire CA, Porta M, Chong V. Medical management for the prevention and treatment of diabetic macular edema. Surv Ophthalmol. 2013;58(5):459–65.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 4.Shamsi HN, Masaud JS, Ghazi NG. Diabetic macular edema: new promising therapies. World J Diabetes. 2013;4(6):324–38.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
- 5.Zhang X, Zeng H, Bao S, Wang N, Gillies MC. Diabetic macular edema: new concepts in patho-physiology and treatment. Cell Biosci. 2014;4:27. doi: 10.1186/2045-3701-4-27.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
Copyright information
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016