Colon Cancer Risk and Prevention

  • Omer Engin
  • Mebrure Evnur Uyar
  • Oguzhan Sunamak
  • Fuat Ipekci
Chapter

Abstract

Thousands of cells die and thousands of cells proliferate in our bodies every day. This cell proliferation is not unlimited. Cells take their place in the normal structure depending on macroscopic and microscopic anatomic features of an organ. Cancer develops as the result of mutation of the genes that are responsible for the differentiation and regulation of cell growth. Multiple genes are affected in most tumors. Tumor suppressor genes may lose their function or oncogenes may be activated as a result. Cell proliferation is uncontrolled and unlimited in cancer; it does not comply with the features of the tissue or organ and continues to grow by impairing the structure of the organ. This proliferation exceeds the limits of the organ and continues to proceed toward neighboring organs. After reaching a certain size, a cancer needs vessels for nutrition. Angiogenesis is the main requirement for tumorigenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor A takes part in this process. All organs and tissues of the body have blood and lymph vessels. Cancer cells grow and impair the wall structure of these vessels. The cells that enter the vessels proceed to distant organs via the vascular structure, reside there, and begin to proliferate, which leads to distant metastasis.

Keywords

Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Lynch Syndrome Fecal Occult Blood Test Adenomatous Polyp Fecal Immunochemical Test 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Copyright information

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015

Authors and Affiliations

  • Omer Engin
    • 1
  • Mebrure Evnur Uyar
    • 2
  • Oguzhan Sunamak
    • 3
  • Fuat Ipekci
    • 4
  1. 1.Surgery DepartmentBuca Seyfi Demirsoy State HospitalIzmirTurkey
  2. 2.Emergency DepartmentBuca Seyfi Demirsoy State HospitalIzmirTurkey
  3. 3.Surgery DepartmentHaydarpasa Numune Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey
  4. 4.Surgery DepartmentTepecik Training and Research HospitalIzmirTurkey

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