Other Important Issues: Training Challenges, Certification, Credentialing and Billing and Coding for Services

  • Kazuhide Matsushima
  • Michael Blaivas
  • Heidi L. Frankel
Chapter

Abstract

In this chapter, we describe miscellaneous issues to afford successful implementation of ultrasound practice in the intensive care unit (ICU). These include the components of critical care ultrasound knowledge and skills, pathways for training and proficiency , certification , credentialing and elements of coding and billing. Training objectives regarding knowledge and skills for ultrasound in the ICU have been proposed by various professional societies. Often, these recommendations are based upon completion of a prescribed number of examinations with interpretation and reporting for each index case rather than other metrics of competence. Currently, there is no professional society-based certification process. Thus, often it can be challenging for ICU physicians to be credentialed to perform ultrasound at their institution. Regardless of how credentialing is handled locally, each provider of ICU ultrasound program should be reviewed carefully for qualifications and competence with assurance of maintenance of knowledge and skills through regular quality assurance processes. Providers need to understand relevant features of Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) to perform appropriate coding and reimbursement.

Keywords

Ultrasound Training Proficiency Competence Quality control Certification Credentialing Coding CPT Reimbursement Billing 

References

  1. 1.
    Expert Round Table on Ultrasound in ICU. International expert statement on training standards for critical care ultrasonography. Intensive Care Med. 2011;37:1077–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  2. 2.
    Popescu BA, Andrade MJ, Badano LP, Fox KF, Flachskampf FA, Lancellotti P, et al. European association of echocardiography recommendations for training, competence, and quality improvement in echocardiography. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2009;10:893–905.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. 3.
    Price S, Via G, Sloth E, Guarracino F, Breitkreutz R, Catena E, Talmor D; World Interactive Network Focused On Critical UltraSound ECHO-ICU Group. Echocardiography practice, training and accreditation in the intensive care: document for the World Interactive Network Focused on Critical Ultrasound (WINFOCUS). Cardiovasc Ultrasound. 2008;6:49.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. 4.
    Mayo PH, Beaulieu Y, Doelken P, Feller-Kopman D, Harrod C, Kaplan A, et al. American College of Chest Physicians/La Société de Réanimation de Langue Française statement on competence in critical care ultrasonography. Chest. 2009;135:1050–60.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. 5.
    Kirkpatrick AW, Sustic A, Blaivas M. Introduction to the use of ultrasound in critical care medicine. Crit Care Med. 2007;35(5 Suppl):123–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. 6.
    Krishnamoorthy VK, Sengupta PP, Gentile F, Khandheria BK. History of echocardiography and its future applications in medicine. Crit Care Med. 2007;35(8 Suppl):309–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  7. 7.
    Blaivas M, Pustavoitau A, Frankel HL, Brown SM, Gutierrez C, Kirkpatrick AW, Kohl BA, Oren- Grinberg A.Recommendations for achieving and maintaining competence in critical care ultrasound with focused cardiac ultrasound and advanced critical care echocardiography. Crit Care Med. 2014, in press.Google Scholar
  8. 8.
    Division of Education. The American College of Surgeons. http://www.facs.org/education/ultrasound/index.html. Accessed 4. March 2014.
  9. 9.
    Critical Care Ultrasonography. The American College of Chest Physicians. http://www.chestnet.org/Education/Advanced-Clinical-Training/Certificate-of-Completion-Program/Critical-Care-Ultrasonography. Accessed 4. March 2014.
  10. 10.
    Huang SJ, McLean AS. Do we need a critical care ultrasound certification program? Implications from an Australian medical-legal perspective. Crit Care. 2010;14:313.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. 11.
    Clarification of credentialing & privileging policy outlined in PIN 2001-16. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. http://bphc.hrsa.gov/policiesregulations/policies/pin200222.html. Accessed 15. March 2014.
  12. 12.
    American Medical Association. Privileging for ultrasound imaging. http://www.ama-assn.org/resources/doc/PolicyFinder/policyfiles/HnE/H-230.960.HTM. Accessed 15 March 2014.
  13. 13.
    American College of Emergency Physicians. American College of Emergency Physicians. ACEP emergency ultrasound guidelines-2001. Ann Emerg Med. 2001;38:470–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  14. 14.
    CPT-Current Procedural Terminology. The American Medical Association. http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/physician-resources/solutions-managing-your-practice/coding-billing-insurance/cpt.page? Accessed 23. March 2014.

Copyright information

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015

Authors and Affiliations

  • Kazuhide Matsushima
    • 1
  • Michael Blaivas
    • 2
    • 3
  • Heidi L. Frankel
    • 4
  1. 1.Department of SurgeryUniversity of Southern California, LAC+USC Medical CenterLos AngelesUSA
  2. 2.Department of Emergency MedicineSt. Francis HospitalRoswellUSA
  3. 3.Department of MedicineUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaUSA
  4. 4.Rancho Palos VerdesCA

Personalised recommendations