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Critical Analysis of Feedstock Availability and Composition, and New Potential Resources for Biodiesel Production in Brazil

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Abstract

The worldwide demand for renewable energy has increased considerably in the recent years, and the need for biofuels should increase even more, especially in developing countries. Brazil has 43 % of its energy matrix based on renewable resources and is a leading country in the production of biofuels. The Brazilian National Program for Biodiesel Production and Use (PNPB) that started in 2005 encouraged biodiesel production, leading Brazil to become one of the world’s top producers with a production of 2,718.48 thousand m3 of biodiesel in 2012. Currently, soybean is the main feedstock used for biodiesel production in Brazil. However, as the demand for this fuel is constantly increasing, and soybean has low oil yield and productivity, alternative feedstocks for biodiesel production have been evaluated. In this review, we discuss the feedstocks that are currently most used for biodiesel production in Brazil (i.e., soybean, tallow, and cotton), as well as the more important feedstock alternatives (i.e., oil palm, physic nut, and microalgae) for the future. In addition, an analysis of oil physical–chemical properties and their effects on biodiesel production and quality is presented. Finally, different scenarios for the biodiesel industry in Brazil for the short-, medium-, and long-terms are discussed.

Keywords

Pour Point Cetane Number Beef Tallow Cold Filter Plug Point Main Feedstock 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Notes

Acknowledgments

We thank the CNPq (Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development), FAP-DF (Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Distrito Federal), FINEP (Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos), and Embrapa for financial support.

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© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Embrapa AgroenergyParque Estação Biológica S/NBrasíliaBrazil
  2. 2.Universidade Católica de Brasília, Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology ProgramBrasíliaBrazil
  3. 3.Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Biotechnology ProgramGurupiBrazil
  4. 4.Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná/UNIOESTE, Energy in the Agriculture ProgramCascavelBrazil

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