Abstract
Special formulation where the drug is absorbed through the skin, e.g. nitroglycerin, nicotin a.s.o.; in passive patches, the drug diffuses into the skin as a result of a gradient in either the drug concentration or solubility; in active patches, external forces are used; transdermal delivery is limited by the size of the drug (upper limit around 500 Dalton), the water and lipid solubility and the pharmacologically effective dose to be delivered; potential irritation/sensitisation of the drug towards the skin must be excluded; hair follicles can act also as an entry portal for both antigens and DNA to the skin; penetration enhancer are: liposomes and ethanol; physical methods are also used such as iontophoresis.
Keywords
Medicinal Product Trade Mark Penetration Enhancer Herbal Medicinal Product Chronic Toxicity Test
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Copyright information
© Springer-Verlag/Wien 2009