Endothelins

  • Douglas W. P. Hay
Chapter
Part of the Respiratory Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy book series (RPP)

Abstract

The endothelium is a critical cellular layer in the cardiovascular system which releases a variety of biologically active substances[1,2]. In the 1980s considerable attention in the field of endothelial cell biology was directed towards the isolation and characterization of endotheliumderived modulators of the responsiveness of the underlying vascular smooth muscle. The focus of these studies was on relaxant substances released from the endothelium, such as prostacyclin and, in particular, an unknown material which was designated endothelium-derived relaxing factor or EDRF. Recent research has provided convincing evidence that EDRF is nitric oxide or a nitric oxide-containing moiety [3]. During this period there was limited research and information on endotheliumderived vasoconstrictor substances. However, evidence was provided that thromboxane and superoxide elicited contraction of vascular smooth muscle following their release from the endothelium [1]. Furthermore, two groups of researchers reported that a protease-sensitive material in the supernatant of cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells contracted vascular smooth muscle [4–6]. This suggested the presence of a vasoconstrictor peptide that was released from the endothelium.

Keywords

Pulmonary Hypertension Airway Smooth Muscle Airway Epithelium Tracheal Smooth Muscle Tracheal Epithelial Cell 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Copyright information

© Birkhäuser Verlag Basel/Switzerland 1995

Authors and Affiliations

  • Douglas W. P. Hay
    • 1
  1. 1.Department of Pulmonary PharmacologySmithKline Beecham PharmaceuticalsKing of PrussiaUSA

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