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Assessing the Groundwater Potentiality of the Gumani River Basin, India, using Geoinformatics and Analytical Hierarchy Process

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Groundwater and Society

Abstract

Groundwater is vital for human life and development activities. Thus, proper evaluation and management of groundwater resource are required at the village level. The present study aims to assess the groundwater potentiality of the Gumani River Basin (GRB), India, using geoinformatics and analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Ten thematic layers, viz., lithology, geomorphology, slope, relief, drainage density, distance from the river, land use and land covers (LULC), lineament density, soil types, and average rainfall, were used to assess groundwater potentiality. The thematic maps and their classes were assigned weight according to their relative importance to groundwater recharge based on Saaty’s 9-point scale and normalized by eigenvector techniques. Groundwater potential index (GPI) was prepared applying the weighted linear combination (WLC) method in GIS environment. The produced groundwater potential map (GPM) was categorized into four classes on the basis of the score of GPI such as low (3–4), moderate (4–5), high (5–6), and very high (6–8). The low potential zone covers ~26% of the GRB with an area of ~3345 km2. The moderate potential zone accounts for ~416 km2 which is ~32% of the total basin area. The high potential zone accounts for ~305 km2 which is ~23% of the total area of the GRB. The very high potential zone comprises ~252 km2 which is ~19% of GRB. The produced GPM was validated using the groundwater depth of the 20 locations which depicts the overall producer accuracy of ~80% and overall user accuracy of ~82% coupled with a statistically significant relation (R2 = 0.68) between the observed and predicted water depth.

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  1. Department of Geography, Aliah University, Kolkata, India

    Sadik Mahammad & Aznarul Islam

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  1. Sadik Mahammad
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  1. PG Department of Geography, Raja N.L. Khan Women’s College, Autonomous, Midnapore, West Bengal, India

    Pravat Kumar Shit

  2. RANDSTAD India Pvt Ltd., New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Gouri Sankar Bhunia

  3. ICAR Indian Institute of Water Management, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Partha Pratim Adhikary

  4. ICAR Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre, Koraput, Odisha, India

    Ch. Jyotiprava Dash

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Mahammad, S., Islam, A. (2021). Assessing the Groundwater Potentiality of the Gumani River Basin, India, using Geoinformatics and Analytical Hierarchy Process. In: Shit, P.K., Bhunia, G.S., Adhikary, P.P., Dash, C.J. (eds) Groundwater and Society. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64136-8_8

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