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Insured MPC: Efficient Secure Computation with Financial Penalties

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Financial Cryptography and Data Security (FC 2020)

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Abstract

Fairness in Secure Multiparty Computation (MPC) is known to be impossible to achieve in the presence of a dishonest majority. Previous works have proposed combining MPC protocols with cryptocurrencies in order to financially punish aborting adversaries, providing an incentive for parties to honestly follow the protocol. The focus of existing work is on proving that this approach is possible and unfortunately they present monolithic and mostly inefficient constructions. In this work, we put forth the first UC secure modular construction of “Insured MPC”, where either the output of the private computation (which describes how to distribute funds) is fairly delivered or a proof that a set of parties has misbehaved is produced, allowing for financial punishments. Moreover, both the output and the proof of cheating are publicly verifiable, allowing third parties to independently validate an execution. We present an efficient compiler that implements Insured MPC from an MPC protocol with certain properties, a standard (non-private) Smart Contract and a publicly verifiable homomorphic commitment scheme. As an intermediate step, we propose the first construction of a publicly verifiable homomorphic commitment scheme with composability guarantees.

C. Baum—Part of this work was done while the author was with Bar-Ilan University.

R. Dowsley—Part of this work was done while the author was with Aarhus University.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    There exist impossibility results on realizing this primitive [20, 32], but we avoid these by allowing for setup, which is also necessary for UC secure MPC  [14].

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Acknowledgments

This work has been supported by the BIU Center for Research in Applied Cryptography and Cyber Security in conjunction with the Israel National Cyber Bureau in the Prime Minister’s Office, the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Unions’ Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 669255 (MPCPRO) and the DFF under grant agreement number 9040-00399B (\(TrA^2C\)).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

    Carsten Baum

  2. IT University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Bernardo David

  3. Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel

    Rafael Dowsley

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  1. Carsten Baum
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  2. Bernardo David
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Correspondence to Carsten Baum .

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  1. New York University, New York City, NY, USA

    Joseph Bonneau

  2. University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA

    Nadia Heninger

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Baum, C., David, B., Dowsley, R. (2020). Insured MPC: Efficient Secure Computation with Financial Penalties. In: Bonneau, J., Heninger, N. (eds) Financial Cryptography and Data Security. FC 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12059. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51280-4_22

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51280-4_22

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