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Assisted Reproductive Technology and Its Impact on Male Infertility Management

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Male Infertility

Abstract

Approximately 12–15% of sexually active couples are infertile. The etiology of infertility is likely multifactorial. Previous work has estimated that 50% of infertility is attributed to the female, 30% to the male, and 20% to both the male and female. Recent advances, mainly in the assisted reproductive technologies (ART), have allowed some couples with severe male factor infertility to establish a pregnancy. The most significant advance is in vitro fertilization (IVF) with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Previously, these couples had at best only a remote chance of establishing a pregnancy due to severely reduced sperm concentration, compromised sperm function, or uncorrectable obstruction. As a result of the high success of IVF/ICSI, and as a by-product of the fact that fertility visits are often initiated by the female partner, the practice of modern assisted reproductive technology (ART) can oftentimes proceed without a complete evaluation of the male partner. Instead, almost any couple, even those with a severe male factor, after being evaluated by only a reproductive endocrinologist, can theoretically become pregnant using IVF/ICSI. This, however, can miss significant medical pathology in the male, and this common practice needs to be reevaluated.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to acknowledge Bernie Amaro for his excellent editorial services.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Alice Rhoton-Vlasak & Elizabeth Plasencia

  2. IVF and Andrology Laboratory, UF Health Reproductive Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Joseph M. Kramer

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  1. Alice Rhoton-Vlasak
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  2. Joseph M. Kramer
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  3. Elizabeth Plasencia
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Correspondence to Alice Rhoton-Vlasak .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. PUR Clinic, University of Central Florida (UCF), Clermont, FL, USA

    Sijo J. Parekattil

  2. ANDROFERT and State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil

    Sandro C. Esteves

  3. Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Ashok Agarwal

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Rhoton-Vlasak, A., Kramer, J.M., Plasencia, E. (2020). Assisted Reproductive Technology and Its Impact on Male Infertility Management. In: Parekattil, S., Esteves, S., Agarwal, A. (eds) Male Infertility. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32300-4_25

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