Severe Asthma in Children and Adolescents pp 183-211 | Cite as
Management of Medication Side Effects and Complications
Abstract
There are a broad range of options for the pharmacological management of asthma, starting with short-acting β2 agonists and systemic or inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). Other options for the management of asthma, and in particular severe pediatric asthma, include long-acting β2 agonists, leukotriene receptor antagonists, long-acting muscarinic antagonists, and – more recently – the so-called biologicals. In this chapter we review the potential side effects and adverse events associated with these medications, risk factors associated with such events, appropriate testing, and considerations for the management of complications that may arise from the use of these medications in children.
Keywords
Short-acting beta-2 agonists (SABAs) Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis Synacthen test Ciclesonide Steroid alert cards Adrenal suppression Growth velocity Bone mineral density Leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs) Long-acting beta-2 agonists (LABAs) Long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) ImmunomodulatorsNotes
Funding Sources
LF is an Asthma UK Senior Clinical Fellow (AUK-SCF-2017-399) and PI in the Asthma UK Centre for Applied Research.
Financial and Competing Interests’ Disclosure
LS has no conflicts of interest.
LF has received honoraria to speak at sponsored meetings from Novartis, Boehringer-Ingelheim and Astra Zeneca and for expert consultation from Novartis, Sanofi, GSK, Respiri UK and Boehringer-Ingelheim.
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