Collaborative Research Across Boundaries: Mangrove Ecosystem Services and Poverty Traps as a Coupled Natural-Human System
- 210 Downloads
Abstract
Mangrove wetlands are one of the most threatened ecosystems in coastal zones, and are being degraded globally at a high rate due to human activities. Impoverished and vulnerable populations living in rural coastal areas in subtropical and tropical latitudes tend to be most directly dependent on ecosystem services and hence are directly affected by the degradation of mangrove wetlands and other coastal resources. We formed an interdisciplinary and international team of researchers, students, and professionals to understand the linkages between poverty traps and mangrove ecosystem services in coastal Tanzania, thus informing and contributing to institutional efforts to resolve and avoid these traps. This chapter analyzes the nature of this coupled natural-human system, assesses the challenges to implement an interdisciplinary research agenda as a team, and underscores the practical strategies to overcome those challenges.
Notes
Acknowledgements
Research reported in this chapter was supported by the National Science Foundation Coupled Nature and Human Systems Program #1518471. E. Uchida acknowledges additional funding support from the URI Coastal Institute, URI Undergraduate Research Grant and URI Research Completion Grant. Partial funding to Rivera-Monroy was also provided by Department of the Interior South Central Climate Science Center through Cooperative Agreement #G12AC00002 and the National Science Foundation Long-Term Ecological Research program (Grants DEB-9910514 and 1237517 and DBI-0620409). We thank the following individuals and organizations for exceptional research assistance: Thomas Blanchard, Pamela Booth, Juma Dyegula, Zahrie Ernst, Ezra Katete, Megan Kelsall, Jamillah Kileo, Sarah Martin, Timothy Piacienni, Gumbo Majubwa, Rose Malyaga, T. Mkongo, Shafii Mohamedi, Humphrey Tillya, Mattana Wongsirikajorn, all enumerators and Sea Sense staff.
References
- Ajonina, G., Diame, A., & Kairo, J. (2008). Current Status and Conservation of Mangroves in Africa: An Overview. World Rainforest Movement Bulletin, 133. https://wrm.org.uy/articles-from-the-wrm-bulletin/current-status-and-conservation-of-mangroves-in-africa-an-overview/.
- Azariadis, C., & Stachurski, J. (2005). Chapter 5 Poverty Traps. In P. Aghion & S. N. Durlauf (Eds.), Handbook of Economic Growth (Vol. 1, pp. 295–384). Amsterdam: Elsevier.Google Scholar
- Barbier, E. B. (2007). Valuing Ecosystem Services as Productive Inputs. Economic Policy, 22(49), 178–229. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
- Barbour, W., & Schlesinger, C. (2012). Who’s the Boss? Post-colonialism, Ecological Research and Conservation Management on Australian Indigenous Lands. Ecological Management & Restoration, 13(1), 36–41. Wiley Online Library.Google Scholar
- Barrett, C. B., Travis, A. J., & Dasgupta, P. (2011). On Biodiversity Conservation and Poverty Traps. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 108(34), 13907–13912.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Castañeda-Moya, E., Twilley, R. R., & Rivera-Monroy, V. H. (2013). Allocation of Biomass and Net Primary Productivity of Mangrove Forests along Environmental Gradients in the Florida Coastal Everglades, USA. Forest Ecology and Management, 307(November), 226–241.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Collins, S. L., Carpenter, S. R., Swinton, S. M., Orenstein, D. E., Childers, D. L., Gragson, T. L., et al. (2011). An Integrated Conceptual Framework for Long-Term Social-Ecological Research. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 9(6), 351–357. Wiley Online Library.Google Scholar
- Ewel, K., Twilley, R., & Ong, J. (1998). Different Kinds of Mangrove Forests Provide Different Goods and Services. Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters, 7(1), 83–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Fatoyinbo, T. E., & Simard, M. (2012). Height and Biomass of Mangroves in Africa from ICESat/GLAS and SRTM. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 34(2), 668–681.Google Scholar
- Friess, D. A., & Webb, E. L. (2014). Variability in Mangrove Change Estimates and Implications for the Assessment of Ecosystem Service Provision. Global Ecology and Biogeography: A Journal of Macroecology, 23(7), 715–725.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Giri, C., Ochieng, E., Tieszen, L. L., Zhu, Z., Singh, A., Loveland, T., et al. (2011). Status and Distribution of Mangrove Forests of the World Using Earth Observation Satellite Data. Global Ecology and Biogeography: A Journal of Macroecology, 20(1), 154–159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Kimirei, I. A., Nagelkerken, I., Mgaya, Y. D., & Huijbers, C. M. (2013). The Mangrove Nursery Paradigm Revisited: Otolith Stable Isotopes Support Nursery-to-Reef Movements by Indo-Pacific Fishes. PLoS One, 8(6), e66320.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Knighton, A. D., Mills, K., & Woodroffe, C. D. (1991). Tidal-Creek Extension and Saltwater Intrusion in Northern Australia. Geology, 19(8), 831–834. GeoScienceWorld.Google Scholar
- Ledford, H. (2015). Team Science. Nature, 525 (7569), 308. Nature Publishing Group.Google Scholar
- Lee, S. Y., Primavera, J. H., Dahdouh-Guebas, F., McKee, K., Bosire, J. O., Cannicci, S., et al. (2014). Ecological Role and Services of Tropical Mangrove Ecosystems: A Reassessment. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 23(7), 726–743.Google Scholar
- Lovelock, C. E., Atwood, T., Baldock, J., Duarte, C. M., Hickey, S., Lavery, P., et al. (2017). Assessing the Risk of Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Blue Carbon Ecosystems. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 15, 257–265. https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.1491.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Lugendo, B. R., Nagelkerken, I., van der Velde, G., & Mgaya, Y. D. (2006). The Importance of Mangroves, Mud and Sand Flats, and Seagrass Beds as Feeding Areas for Juvenile Fishes in Chwaka Bay, Zanzibar: Gut Content and Stable Isotope Analyses. Journal of Fish Biology, 69(6), 1639–1661.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Lugo, A. E., & Snedaker, S. C. (1974). The Ecology of Mangroves. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 5, 39–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Mangora, M. M., Lugendo, B. R., Shalli, M. S., & Semesi, S. (2016). Mangroves of Tanzania. In J. O. Bosire, M. M. Mangora, S. Bandeira, A. Rajkaran, R. Ratsimbazafy, C. Appadoo, & J. G. Kairo (Eds.), Mangroves of the Western Indian Ocean: Status and Management (pp. 33–49). Zanzibar Town: WIOMSA.Google Scholar
- Manring, S. L. (2007). Creating and Managing Interorganizational Learning Networks to Achieve Sustainable Ecosystem Management. Organization & Environment, 20(3), 325–346. Sage.Google Scholar
- Mcleod, E., Chmura, G. L., Bouillon, S., Salm, R., Bjork, M., Duarte, C. M., et al. (2011). A Blueprint for Blue Carbon: Toward an Improved Understanding of the Role of Vegetated Coastal Habitats in Sequestering CO2. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. https://doi.org/10.1890/110004.
- McNally, C. G. (2014). Values and Services of a Protected Riverine Estuary in East Africa: The Wami River and Saadani National Park. A. J. Gold (Ed.). Ann Arbor, USA: University of Rhode Island. http://uri.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.proquest.com/docview/1640771303.Google Scholar
- McNally, C. G., Uchida, E., & Gold, A. J. (2011). The Effect of a Protected Area on the Tradeoffs Between Short-Run and Long-Run Benefits from Mangrove Ecosystems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 108(34), 13945–13950.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Melville, A. J., & Connolly, R. M. (2003). Spatial Analysis of Stable Isotope Data to Determine Primary Sources of Nutrition for Fish. Oecologia, 136(4), 499–507.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Mulrennan, M. E., & Woodroffe, C. D. (1998). Saltwater Intrusion into the Coastal Plains of the Lower Mary River, Northern Territory, Australia. Journal of Environmental Management, 54(3), 169–188.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Murdiyarso, D., Purbopuspito, J., Kauffman, J. B., Warren, M. W., Sasmito, S. D., Donato, D. C., et al. (2015). The Potential of Indonesian Mangrove Forests for Global Climate Change Mitigation. Nature Climate Change, 5, 1089–1092. https://doi.org/10.1038/NCLIMATE2734.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- National Research Council, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences, and Committee on the Science of Team Science. (2015). Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Science. Washington: National Academies Press.Google Scholar
- Ong, J.-E. (1995). The Ecology of Mangrove Conservation & Management. In Y.-S. Wong & N. F. Y. Tam (Eds.), Asia-Pacific Symposium on Mangrove Ecosystems (pp. 343–351). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.Google Scholar
- Perz, S. G. (2016). Crossing Boundaries for Collaboration: Conservation and Development Projects in the Amazon. Lanham: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
- Polidoro, B. A., et al. (2010). The Loss of Species: Mangrove Extinction Risk and Geographic Areas of Global Concern. PLoS One, 5, e10095. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010095.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Rivera-Monroy, V. H., Castañeda-Moya, E., Barr, J. G., Engel, V., Fuentes, J. D., Troxler, T. G., et al. (2013). Current Methods to Evaluate Net Primary Production and Carbon Budgets in Mangrove Forests. In R. D. DeLaune, K. R. Reddy, P. Megonigal, & C. Richardson (Eds.), Methods in Biogeochemistry of Wetlands (pp. 243–288). Soil Science Society of America Book Series.Google Scholar
- Rovai, A. R. R., Twilley, E., Castañeda-Moya, P., Riul, M., Cifuentes-Lara, M., Manrow-Villalobos, P. A., et al. (2018). Global Controls of Carbon Storage in Mangrove Soils. Nature Climate Change, 8, 534–538.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Saenger, P., Gartside, D., & Funge-Smith, S. (2013). A Review of Mangrove and Seagrass Ecosystems and Their Linkage to Fisheries and Fisheries Management. School of Environment, Science and Engineering Papers. http://epubs.scu.edu.au/esm_pubs/2239/.
- Thom, B. G. (1982). Mangrove Ecology—A Geomorphological Perspective. In B. F. Clough (Ed.), Mangrove Ecosystems in Australia (pp. 3–17). Canberra: Australian National University Press.Google Scholar
- Thomas, N., Lucas, R., Bunting, P., Hardy, A., Rosenqvist, A., & Simard, M. (2017). Distribution and Drivers of Global Mangrove Forest Change, 1996–2010. PLoS One, 12, e0179302. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0179302.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Twilley, R. R. (1995). Properties of Mangrove Ecosystems Related to the Energy Signature of Coastal Environments. In C. A. S. Hall (Ed.), Maximum Power: The Ideas and Applications of H.T. Odum (pp. 43–62). Niwot: University Press of Colorado.Google Scholar
- Twilley, R. R., & Rivera-Monroy, V. H. (2005). Developing Performance Measures of Mangrove Wetlands Using Simulation Models of Hydrology, Nutrient Biogeochemistry, and Community Dynamics. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 40, 79–93. Coastal Restoration.Google Scholar
- Twilley, R. R., & Rivera-Monroy, V. (2009). Ecogeomorphic Models of Nutrient Biogeochemistry for Mangrove Wetlands. In G. M. E. Perillo, E. Wolanski, D. R. Cahoon, & M. M. Brinson (Eds.), Coastal Wetlands: An Integrated Ecosystem Approach (pp. 641–683). Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V.Google Scholar
- Uchida, E., Rivera-Monroy, V., Mwita, M., Gold, A., Guilfoos, T., Lokina, R., et al. (2018). Dynamics of Ecosystem Services and Chronic Poverty: A Coupled Human Nature Framework. Working Paper. University of Rhode Island.Google Scholar
- Valiela, I., Bowen, J. L., & York, J. K. (2001). Mangrove Forests: One of the World’s Threatened Major Tropical Environments. BioScience, 51(10), 807.Google Scholar
- World Bank. (2007). Poverty and the Environment: Understanding Linkages at the Household Level. Washington: World Bank Publications.Google Scholar
- World Bank. (2015). Tanzania—Mainland Poverty Assessment (Vol. 2): Main report (English). Washington, DC: World Bank Group. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/530601468179976437/Main-report.