A Hybrid Parameterization with Multiple Closures

Abstract

Much of the current research using numerical models is focused on circulation systems that are most appropriately studied using models with 10–50-km grid spacings and time steps on the order of several minutes. These models can resolve mesoscale circulations reasonably well but are incapable of accurately resolving cumulus convection. Since convective-scale processes are often important, and are frequently dominant, on such scales it is necessary to employ cumulus parameterization techniques.