Molecular Pathology of Lung Cancer

Chapter
First Online:
Part of the Current Clinical Oncology book series (CCO)

Abstract

In contrast to most other organs, the lungs demonstrate a very wide range of epithelial tumors that vary in their location and histology. These tumors show varying degrees of relationship to smoke exposure, with the central carcinomas showing the greatest relationship. The molecular lesions found in the tumors share certain common elements and have characteristic changes. Their precursor lesions also differ, with some being well defined, whereas others are poorly understood because of the difficulty in identifying them before surgical resection of an existing tumor. Thus, their natural history is also poorly understood. The advent of newer molecular genetic methods to examine lung tumor and preneoplastic lesion tissue specimens will help delineate all the significant molecular abnormalities responsible for lung cancer development and progression. Gene-specific and copy-number alteration approaches have identified mutations that have proven to be unique in lung cancer. Simultaneously, molecular profiling studies at DNA, RNA, and protein levels have provided a molecular classification of lung cancer while also improving the ability to predict prognosis and response to treatment. The integration of these different platforms might overcome the overtraining and instability of the identified signatures. Combining clinical covariates with molecular profiling approaches may be the optimal approach for building new models for lung cancer. The ultimate goal is to be able to identify all molecular changes present in any one patient’s tumor and to use this information for early molecular detection, prediction of biological/clinical behavior and prognosis, and selection or rational development of therapeutics.

Keywords

Molecular pathology Lung cancer Oncogenes Tumor suppressor genes Preneoplasia Pathogenesis 
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Copyright information

© Humana Press, a part of Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of Pathology, Unit 85MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonUSA

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