Dopamine Receptor Alternative Splicing

  • Neil M. Richtand
  • Laurel M. Pritchard
  • Lique M. Coolen
Chapter

Abstract

The five dopamine receptor subtypes (D1–D5) are members of the superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (see also Chapter 1). Dopamine receptors. have been known since 1978 to be divided between two families differing in biochemical and pharmacological properties (1). Although the G protein and second messenger systems affected by dopamine receptors in vivo have not been clearly established, in vitro D1-family receptors (D1 and D5) couple to Gs stimulatory proteins, activating adenylyl cyclase, whereas D2- family receptors (D2, D3, D4) couple to Gi inhibitory proteins, inhibiting adenylyl cyclase. Dopamine receptors couple effectively to a wide range of signaling cascades in vitro, including calcium channels, phospholipase C, potassium channels, arachidonic acid release, Na+/H+ exchangers, Na+-H+-ATPase, and cell growth and differentiation pathways (reviewed in ref. 2), suggesting that dopamine may mediate a complex array of neural signaling pathways in vivo. Dopamine systems are believed to exert functional effects through these second-messenger signaling pathways via modulation of the activity of more rapidly acting ionotropic glutamatergic, GABAergic, and nicotinic cholinergic neuronal systems (3).

Keywords

Dopamine Receptor Tourette Syndrome Novelty Seek Cytoplasmic Loop Dopamine Receptor Subtype 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Copyright information

© Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ 2005

Authors and Affiliations

  • Neil M. Richtand
    • 1
    • 2
  • Laurel M. Pritchard
    • 2
  • Lique M. Coolen
    • 3
  1. 1.Psychiatry ServiceCincinnati Veterans Affairs Medical CenterCincinnati
  2. 2.Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Cincinnati, College of MedicineCincinnati
  3. 3.Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and AnatomyUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnati

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