Molecular Mechanisms of Cognitive Impairment in Patients with HIV Infection: Application of Bioinformatics and Data Mining

  • Luca Giacomelli
  • Francesco Chiappelli
  • Bruno Orlando
  • Victor Sivozhelezov
  • Roberto Eggenhöffner
Chapter
First Online:

Abstract

AIDS patients often suffer from cognitive impairment, including distractibility, delirium, and dementia. In fact, global brain atrophy was recognized from MRI images in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. A number of studies have shown that a complex network of inflammatory molecules including cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and excitatory compounds is associated with brain inflammation and damage in HIV-infected patients.

We believe that that the role of those molecules should not be studied per se but only within its network of interactions. To this end, genomics and proteomics could be applied to reach a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying complex multifactorial disorders.

Of note, bioinformatics and data mining can become an added value in this context, since they help clarify the pathophysiology of complex diseases by analyzing complex networks of molecular interactions. In this chapter, we discuss the potential role of bioinformatics and data mining in this setting.

Keywords

Bioinformatics Data-mining Gene interactions HIV Infection Molecular mechanisms Protein interactions 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

We thank Paul Shapshak, PhD, for discussion and feedback. Funded in part by the Fulbright Specialist Program to FC. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Conflict of interest The authors report no conflicts of interest.

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media LLC 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  • Luca Giacomelli
    • 1
  • Francesco Chiappelli
    • 2
  • Bruno Orlando
    • 1
  • Victor Sivozhelezov
    • 3
  • Roberto Eggenhöffner
    • 1
  1. 1.Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated DiagnosticsUniversity of GenoaGenoaItaly
  2. 2.UCLA School of DentistryLos AngelesUSA
  3. 3.Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of SciencesPushchinoRussia

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