Surgical Anatomy of the Esophageal Hiatus

Abstract

The anatomy surrounding the esophageal hiatus is complex and having a clear understanding of the structural relationships in this area is crucial to the esophageal surgeon. The gastroesophageal junction is a complex structure that should lie in the abdomen in its normal situation. This anatomy is disrupted in the setting of a hiatal hernia where the esophageal hiatus is often attenuated. Operations in this area require intimate knowledge of the normal and diseased anatomy particularly to avoid vascular or visceral injury. This chapter will demonstrate the surgical anatomy of the esophageal hiatus with tips to avoid common pitfalls.