Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated a clear association between changes in the microbiota and cognitive behavior. Intestinal dysbiosis, as modeled using GF mice (containing no microbiota), bacterial infection with an enteric pathogen, and administration of probiotics, can modulate cognitive behavior including learning and memory. This chapter will highlight recent findings in both human and animal studies indicating how changes in the composition and diversity of the microbiota can impact behavior and brain physiology in both disease states and in health. Cognitive behavior can not only be affected in cases of intestinal disease, but also manifests changes in extra-intestinal disease conditions.
Keywords
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome
- Hepatic Encephalopathy
- Intestinal Microbiota
- Maternal Separation
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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- 5-HT:
-
Serotonin
- ANS:
-
Autonomic nervous system
- BDNF:
-
Brain derived neurotropic factor
- CD:
-
Crohn’s disease
- CREB:
-
cAMP response element binding protein
- CRF:
-
Corticotrophin-releasing factor
- DA:
-
Dopamine
- DLPFC:
-
Dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex
- EPSP:
-
Excitatory postsynaptic potential
- GF:
-
Germ-free
- GI:
-
gastrointestinal
- HE:
-
Hepatic encephalopathy
- HPA:
-
Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal
- IBD:
-
Inflammatory bowel disease
- IBS:
-
Irritable bowel syndrome
- LPS:
-
Lipopolysaccharide
- MS:
-
Maternal separation
- NGF:
-
Nerve growth factor
- PAMPs:
-
pathogen associated molecular patterns
- PGN:
-
Peptidoglycan
- SPF:
-
Specific pathogen free
- UC:
-
Ulcerative colitis
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Gareau, M.G. (2014). Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis and Cognitive Function. In: Lyte, M., Cryan, J. (eds) Microbial Endocrinology: The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Health and Disease. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 817. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0897-4_16
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