Cognitive Therapy of Childhood Depression

Developmental Considerations
  • Robert L. Leahy
Part of the Perspectives in Developmental Psychology book series (PDPS)

Abstract

Although the existence of childhood depression has been debated for some time, there is a growing consensus among clinicians and researchers that depression exists among children (Bemporad, 1978; Carlson & Cantwell, 1980). Of equal importance, there is also increasing recognition that childhood depression may not be a unitary syndrome (Blatt, 1974; Leahy, 1983). In this chapter, childhood depression is considered from a developmental perspective. It is proposed that two types of depression can be distinguished, each with a unique set of maladaptive cognitions. The role of social-cognitive development in the formation of depressive cognitions is examined. Finally, treatment strategies are considered in the context of children’s cognitive development.

Keywords

Cognitive Therapy Developmental Level Cognitive Distortion Automatic Thought Childhood Depression 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Beck, A. T. (1976). Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. New York: International Universities Press.Google Scholar
  2. Beck, A. T., Rush, A. J., Shaw, B., & Emery, G. A. (1979). Cognitive therapy of depression: A treatment manual. New York: Guilford.Google Scholar
  3. Bemporad, J. (1978). Manifest symptomatology in children and adolescents. In S. Arieti & J. Bemporad (Eds.), Severe and mild depression: The psychotherapeutic approach (pp. 87–108). New York: Basic.Google Scholar
  4. Blatt, S. J. (1974). Levels of object representation in anaclitic and introjective depression. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 29, 107–157.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. Blatt, S. J., Quinlan, D., Chevron, E., McDonald, C., & Zuroff, D. (1982). Dependency and self-criticism: Psychological dimensions of depression.Google Scholar
  6. Bower, G. H., Monteiro, K. P., & Gilligan, S. G. (1978). Emotional mood as a context for learning and recall. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 17, 573–585.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  7. Cantor, N., & Mischel, W. (1977). Traits as prototypes: Effects on recognition memory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 35, 38–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  8. Carlson, G., & Cantwell, D. (1980). Unmasking masked depression in children and adolescents. American Journal of Psychiatry, 137, 445–449.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  9. Chandler, M. (1973). Egocentrism and antisocial behavior: The assessment and training of social perspective-taking skills. Developmental Psychology, 9, 326–332.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  10. Derogatis, L. R., & Geary, P. A. (1977). Confirmation of the dimension structure of the SCL-90: A study in construct validation. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 33 981–989.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  11. Dweck, C. (1975). The role of expectations and attributions in the alleviation of learned helplessness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 31, 674–685.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. Elkind, D. (1967). Egocentrism in adolescence. Child Development, 38, 1025–1034.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  13. Epstein, N. (1983). Cognitive therapy with couples. In A. Freeman (Ed.), Cognitive therapy with couples and groups (pp. 107–124). New York: Plenum Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  14. Freud, S. (1953). New introductory lectures on psychoanalysis. New York: Norton.Google Scholar
  15. Freud, S. (1950). Mourning and melancholia. In Collected papers (Vol. 4). London: Hogarth.Google Scholar
  16. Glick, M., & Zigler, E. (1985). Self-image: A cognitive-developmental perspective. In R. L. Leahy (Ed.), The development of the self (pp. 1–54). Orlando, FL: Academic.Google Scholar
  17. Guidano, V., & Liotti, G. (1983). Cognitive processes and the emotional disorders. New York: Guilford.Google Scholar
  18. Kohlberg, L. (1969). Stage and sequence: A cognitive-developmental approach to socialization. In D. Goslin (Ed.), Handbook of socialization: Theory and research (pp. 347–480). New York: Rand McNally.Google Scholar
  19. Leahy, R. L. (1981). Parental practices and the development of moral judgement and self-image disparity in adolescence. Developmental Psychology, 18, 580–594.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  20. Leahy, R. L. (1983). Development of self and the problems of social cognition: Identity formation and depression. In L. Wheeler & K. Shaver (Eds.), Review of personality and social psychology. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
  21. Leahy, R. L. (1985). The costs of development: Clinical implications. In R. L. Leahy (Ed.), The development of the self (pp. 267–294). Orlando, FL: Academic.Google Scholar
  22. Leahy, R. L., & Beck, A. T. (1988). Cognitive therapy of depression and mania. In A. Georgotas & R. Cancro (Eds.), Depression and mania: A comprehensive textbook, (pp. 517–537) New York: Elsevier.Google Scholar
  23. Leahy, R. L., & Huard, C. (1976). Role-taking and self-image disparity. Developmental Psychology, 12, 504–508.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  24. Leahy, R. L., & Shirk, S. (1985). Social cognition and the development of the self. In R. L. Leahy (Ed.), The development of the self (pp. 123–150). Orlando, FL: Academic.Google Scholar
  25. Selman, R. (1980). The growth of interpersonal understanding. New York: Academic.Google Scholar
  26. Spitz, R. (1946). Anaclitic depression: An inquiry into the genesis of psychiatric conditions in early childhood. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 2, 313–342.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  27. Teasdale, J., & Fogarty, S. (1979). Differential effects of induced mood on retrieval of pleasant and unpleasant memories from episodic memory. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 88, 248–257.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 1988

Authors and Affiliations

  • Robert L. Leahy
    • 1
  1. 1.Center for Cognitive TherapyNew YorkUSA

Personalised recommendations