Additive Effect of Low-Dose Diethylnitrosamine on the Initiation of Liver Carcinogenesis in Rats

  • Masahiro Tsutsumi
  • Seiichi Takahashi
  • Dai Nakae
  • Kazumi Shiraiwa
  • Tetsuo Kinugasa
  • Kenji Kamino
  • Ayumi Denda
  • Yoichi Konishi
Chapter

Abstract

Simultaneous or exposure to low-dose carcinogens existing in the environment is an important causal factor in human carcinogenesis. It is gener- ally accepted that carcinogenesis is a multi-step process consisting of two qualitatively different stages, initiation and promotion1. Initiation is a transient “flash” phenomenon involving exposure to a carcinogen and may occur frequently in humans.

Keywords

Partial Hepatectomy Experimental Regimen Liver Carcinogenesis Experimental Schedule Important Causal Factor 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. 1.
    E. Farber, The multistep nature of cancer development, Cancer Res. 44:4217 (1984).PubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. 2.
    M. C. Dyroff, F. C. Richardson, J. A. Popp, M. A. Bedell and J. A. Swenberg, Correlation of O4-ethyldeoxythymidine accumulation with hepatic initiation and hepatocellular carcinoma in rats continuously administered diethylnitrosamine, Carcinogenesis 7:241 (1986).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  3. 3.
    E. Cayama, H. Tsuda, D. S. R. Sarma and E. Farber, Initiation of chemical carcinogenesis requires cell proliferation, Nature 275:60 (1978).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. 4.
    D. Solt and E. Farber, New principle for the analysis of chemical carcinogenesis, Nature 263:701 (1976).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. 5.
    M. Moore and T. Kitagawa, Hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat: The effect of promoters and carcinogenesis, in vivo and in vitro, in: “International Review of Cytology”, Academic Press, New York (1986).Google Scholar
  6. 6.
    N. Ito, M. Tatematsu, K. Nakanishi, R. Hasegawa, T. Takano, K. Imaida and T. Ogiso, The effect of various chemicals on the development of hyperplastic liver nodules in hepatectomized rats treated with N-nitro-sodiethylamine or 2-fluorenylacetamide, Gann 71:832 (1980).PubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. 7.
    S. Takahashi, M. Tsutsumi, D. Nakae, A. Denda, T. Kinugasa and Y. Konishi, Persistent effect of low dose of preadministered diethylnitrosamine on induction of enzyme-altered foci in rat liver, Carcinogenesis 8:509 (1987).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  8. 8.
    G. M. Higgins and R. M. Anderson, Experimental pathology of the liver, 1. Restoration of the liver of the white rat following partial surgical removal, Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 12:1186 (1931).Google Scholar
  9. 9.
    A. M. Rutenberg, H. Kim, J. W. Fischbein, J. S. Hanker, H. K. Wasserkrug and A. J. Seligman, Histochemical and ultrastructural demonstration of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity, J. Histochem. Cytochem. 17:517 (1969).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  10. 10.
    H. A. Campbell, H. C. Pitot, V. P. Potter and B. A. Laishes, Application of quantitative stereology to the evaluation of enzyme-altered foci in rat liver, Cancer Res. 42:465 (1982).PubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. 11.
    G. P. Margison and P. J. O’Connor, Nucleic acid modification by N-nitroso compounds, in: “Chemical Carcinogenesis and DNA”, P. L. Grover, ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla. (1981).Google Scholar
  12. 12.
    A. E. Pegg, Formation and metabolism of alkylated nucleosides: possible role in carcinogenesis by nitroso compounds and alkylating agents, Adv. Cancer Res. 25:195 (1977).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  13. 13.
    R. Montesano, Alkylation of DNA and tissue specificities in nitrosamine carcinogenesis, J. Cell. Biochem. 17:259 (1981).Google Scholar
  14. 14.
    F. C. Richardson, M. C. Dyroff, J. A. Boucheron and J. A. Swenberg, Differential repair of 04-alkylthymidine following exposure to methylating and ethylating hepatocarcinogenesis, Carcinogenesis 6:625 (1985).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  15. 15.
    E. Scherer, A. P. Timmer and P. Emmelot, Formation by diethylnitrosamine and persistence of 04-ethylthymidine in rat liver in vivo, Cancer Lett. 10:1 (1980).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  16. 16.
    E. Scherer, A. P. Steward and P. Emmelot, Effects of formation of 06-ethylguanine in, and its removal from, liver DNA of rats receiving diethylnitrosamine, Chem. Biol. Interactions 19:1 (1977).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  17. 17.
    S. M. D’Ambrosio and R. B. Setlow, Enhancement of postreplication repair in Chinese hamster cells, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 73:2396 (1976).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  18. 18.
    T. A. Lawson, A. S. Helgeson, C. J. Grandjean, L. Wallcave and D. Nagel, The formation of N-nitrosomethyl(2-oxopropyl)amine from N-nitroso-bis(2-oxopropyl)amine in vivo, Carcinogenesis 2:845 (1981).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  19. 19.
    M. A. Pereira, Dose response for benzo(a)pyrene adducts in mouse epidermal DNA, Cancer Res. 39:2556 (1979).PubMedGoogle Scholar
  20. 20.
    D. T. Beranek, C. C. Weis and D. H. Swenson, A comprehensive quantitative analysis of methylated and ethylated DNA using high-pressure liquid chromatography, Carcinogenesis 1:595 (1980).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  21. 21.
    P. D. Lawley and C. J. Thatcher, Methylation of deoxyribonucleic acid in cultured mammalian cells by N-methyl-N-nitroso-N-nitrosoguanidine, Biochem. J. 116:693 (1970).PubMedGoogle Scholar
  22. 22.
    P. J. O’Connor, M. J. Capps and A. W. Craig, Comparative studies of hepatocarcinogen N.N-dimethylnitrosamine in vivo: reaction sites in rat liver DNA and the significance of their relative stabilities, Brit J. Cancer 27:153 (1973).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  23. 23.
    S. P. Tarn, R. J. G. Haché and R. G. Deeley, Estrogen memory effect in human hepatocytes during repeated cell division without hormone, Science 234:1234 (1986).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  24. 24.
    T. Sugimura and M. Miwa, Poly(ADP-ribose) and cancer research, Carcinogenesis 4:1503 (1983).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  25. 25.
    H. Weintraub, Assembly and propagation of repressed and derepressed chromosomal states, Cell 42:705 (1985).PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 1988

Authors and Affiliations

  • Masahiro Tsutsumi
    • 1
  • Seiichi Takahashi
    • 1
  • Dai Nakae
    • 1
  • Kazumi Shiraiwa
    • 1
  • Tetsuo Kinugasa
    • 1
  • Kenji Kamino
    • 2
  • Ayumi Denda
    • 1
  • Yoichi Konishi
    • 1
  1. 1.Department of Oncological PathologyCancer Center, Nara Medical CollegeKashihara, Nara 634Japan
  2. 2.Institute of PathologyUniversity of DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGerman

Personalised recommendations