Immunomodulating and Related Biological Activities of Bacterial Cell Walls and Their Components, Enzymatically Prepared or Synthesized

  • Shozo Kotani
  • Haruhiko Takada
  • Masachika Tsujimoto
  • Tomohiko Ogawa
  • Keijiro Kato
  • Takafumi Okunaga
  • Yoshitaka Ishihara
  • Akinori Kawasaki
  • Ichijiro Morisaki
  • Nagayuki Kono
  • Tsutomu Shimono
  • Tetsuo Shiba
  • Shoichi Kusumoto
  • Masaru Inage
  • Kazuhiro Harada
  • Toshiyuki Kitaura
  • Seisaburo Kano
  • Shinya Inai
  • Kazuyoshi Nagai
  • Misako Matsumoto
  • Takashi Kubo
  • Masahiko Kato
  • Zenichi Tada
  • Kanae Yokogawa
  • Shigeo Kawata
  • Atsuo Inoue
Chapter

Abstract

In 1959, we isolated the cell walls of tubercle bacilli (BCG) which have long been known to have a strong immunoadjuvant activity, especially in the stimulation of cell-mediated immune responses, and elucidated the chemical and immunological properties of this cell wall fraction (32, 31). The most remarkable finding on the chemical composition of this subcellular fraction was that various lipids, especially ethanol-ether insoluble but chloroform-soluble lipids and bound lipids, which characterized tubercle bacilli were almost exclusively localized in their cell walls. It was also demonstrated that the cell walls were the most active fraction of subcellular components isolated from sonicated BCG cells, in inducing tuberculin hypersensitivity in guinea pigs and that the cell walls were involved in the development of an acquired cell-mediated resistance of mice to tuberculous infection.

Keywords

Cell Wall Bacterial Cell Wall Adjuvant Activity Muramyl Dipeptide Muramic Acid 
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Copyright information

© Plenum Press, New York 1981

Authors and Affiliations

  • Shozo Kotani
    • 1
  • Haruhiko Takada
    • 1
  • Masachika Tsujimoto
    • 1
  • Tomohiko Ogawa
    • 1
  • Keijiro Kato
    • 1
  • Takafumi Okunaga
    • 2
  • Yoshitaka Ishihara
    • 2
  • Akinori Kawasaki
    • 3
  • Ichijiro Morisaki
    • 4
  • Nagayuki Kono
    • 4
  • Tsutomu Shimono
    • 4
  • Tetsuo Shiba
    • 5
  • Shoichi Kusumoto
    • 5
  • Masaru Inage
    • 5
  • Kazuhiro Harada
    • 6
  • Toshiyuki Kitaura
    • 6
  • Seisaburo Kano
    • 7
  • Shinya Inai
    • 8
  • Kazuyoshi Nagai
    • 8
  • Misako Matsumoto
    • 8
  • Takashi Kubo
    • 9
  • Masahiko Kato
    • 9
  • Zenichi Tada
    • 9
  • Kanae Yokogawa
    • 10
  • Shigeo Kawata
    • 10
  • Atsuo Inoue
    • 11
  1. 1.Department of Microbiology and Oral MicrobiologyOsaka University Dental SchoolKita-ku, Osaka, 530Japan
  2. 2.The 2nd Department of Oral SurgeryOsaka University Dental SchoolKita-ku, Osaka, 530Japan
  3. 3.The 1st Department of Prosthetic DentistryOsaka University Dental SchoolKita-ku, Osaka, 530Japan
  4. 4.Department of PedodonticsOsaka University Dental SchoolKita-ku, Osaka, 530Japan
  5. 5.Faculty of ScienceOsaka UniversityToyonaka, Osaka, 560Japan
  6. 6.Laboratory of MicrobiologyOsaka Prefectural Institute for Public HealthHigashinari-ku, Osaka, 537Japan
  7. 7.Department of Pharmacology and BacteriologyNational Institute of Hygienic SciencesHigashi-ku, Osaka, 541Japan
  8. 8.Division of ImmunologyThe Center for Adult DiseaseHigashi-ku, Osaka, 537Japan
  9. 9.Kanonji Institute, The Research Foundation for Microbial DiseasesOsaka UniversityKanonji, Kagawa, 768Japan
  10. 10.Research and Development DivisionDainippon Pharmaceutical Co.Suita, Osaka, 564Japan
  11. 11.New Product Planning DepartmentDaiichi Seyaku Co.Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103Japan

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