Protein Crosslinking pp 641-647 | Cite as
Cross-Linking of Amino Acids by Formaldehyde. Preparation and 13C NMR Spectra of Model Compounds
Abstract
Model cross-linked systems have been prepared by reacting amino acids or alkylamines with formaldehyde and various amino acid model compounds such as 2,4-dimethylphenol (tyrosine), 3-methylindole (tryptophan) and alkylamides (glutamine, asparagine. 13C NMR spectra of the products show the resonances of the formaldehyde-derived methylene carbons in the region 45-60 ppm. Interferences occur from resonances of the α-amino acid methine carbons. From the data for these products and other model compounds it has been possible to predict the shifts of the residual methylene carbons in a variety of cross-linked systems. This NMR technique shows promise as a rapid non-degradative method for identification of cross-linking sites.
Keywords
Model Compound Methylene Carbon Methine Carbon Treated Wool React Amino AcidPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
- Blass, J., Bizzini, B., and Raynaud, M. (1967). Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 3957.Google Scholar
- Bowes, J.H., Cater, C.W., and Ellis, M.J. (1965). J. Amer. Leather Chem. Ass., 60, 275.Google Scholar
- Dewar, M.K., Johns, R.B., Kelly, D.P., and Yates, J.F. (1974). Aust. J. Chem., 28, 917.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Feairheller, S.H., Taylor, M.M., Gruber, H.A., Mellon, E.F., and Filachione, E.M. (1967). Amer.Chem.Soc., Div.Polym.Chem.Prepr., 8, 775.Google Scholar
- Fraenkel-Conrat, H., Cooper, M., and Olcott, H.S. (1945). J.Amer.Chem.Soc., 67, 950.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Fraenkel-Conrat, H., Brandon, B.A. and Olcott, H.S. (1947). J.Biol.Chem., 168, 99.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Johnson, L.F., and Jankowski, W.C. (1972). “Carbon-13 N.M.R. Spectra”, Wiley-Interscience, New York, N.Y.Google Scholar
- Shao Wei-Let (1970). Ph.D. thesis, University of Melbourne.Google Scholar
- Trézl, L., Heiszman, J., and Tyihak, E. (1976). ‘Proc.Int.Wool Text.Res.Conf., 5th, Aachen 1975’ in “Schriftenr.Dtsch. Wollforsch.Inst.Tech.Hochschule Aachen”, in press.Google Scholar
- Walker, J.F. (1964). “Formaldehyde”, Reinhold, New York, N.Y.Google Scholar