A DNA Vaccine against Malignant Melanoma Coexpressing Antigen and Cytokine

  • M. Nawrath
  • J. Heinrich
  • B. Strack
  • J. Pavlovic
  • Karin Moelling
Chapter
Part of the Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology book series (AEMB, volume 451)

Abstract

Inoculation of plasmid DNA vectors encoding immunogenic proteins induce both, humoral and cell-mediated responses. Protection against challenge with pathogens has provided protective immunity in several cases in animal models. The first demonstration of the protective efficacy of a DNA vaccine in an animal model was reported only four years ago with Influenza A DNA[1]. Since then preclinical studies have been performed with a variety of disease targets such as HIV, bovine herpes virus, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C virus, rabies, measles, malaria, Herpes simplex virus, papilloma virus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and flavi virus etc. [for review, see 2, 3]. DNA vaccines offer the advantage of stimulating the generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) against epitopes from a conserved protein of a virus, e.g. the nucleoprotein NP of influenza virus, thereby providing cross-strain protection in a mouse model [1]. From human genetic diseases it is known that individuals lacking antibody response cope rather well with viral infections—but show increased sensitivities to various bacterial pathogens, while T-cell deficiency frequently leads to higher susceptibility to viruses [2].

Keywords

Internal Ribosomal Entry Site Encephalomyocarditis Virus Bovine Growth Hormone Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Rabies Virus Glycoprotein 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Abbreviations

APC

antigen presenting cells

BGH

bovine growth hormone

CEA

carcinoembrionic antigen

CMV

cytomegalovirus

CTL

cytotoxic lymphocytes

ELISA

enzyme linked immune absorbance assay

EMCV

encephalomyocarditis virus

FDA

Federal Drug administration

GM-CSF

granulocytemacrophage stimulating factor

HA

hemagglutinin

HIV

human immunodeficiency virus

IRES

internal ribosomal entry site

LTR

long terminal repeat

MAGE

melanoma associated antigen

MHC

major histocompatibility antigen

NP

nucleoprotein

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 1998

Authors and Affiliations

  • M. Nawrath
    • 1
  • J. Heinrich
    • 1
  • B. Strack
    • 1
  • J. Pavlovic
    • 1
  • Karin Moelling
    • 1
  1. 1.Institute of Medical VirologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland

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