Metals, Metalloids and Genetic Stability

  • Maria E. Ariza
  • Gautam N. Bijur
  • Marshall V. Williams
Chapter

Abstract

Data obtained from epidemiological studies in humans and from experimental studies using animal models have demonstrated that some metal and metalloid compounds are carcinogenic. These studies stimulated investigations to determine the mechanism(s) by which metal and metalloid compounds are carcinogenic. As with any field of science, many mechanisms have been proposed. Over the years some have been disproven, and others have been modified, but we do not know the mechanisms by which metal and metalloid ions induce carcinogenesis. Initial studies in metal carcinogenesis focused on the genotoxic activity of the metal and metalloid compounds. While there are many studies demonstrating the genotoxic activity of many metal compounds, it has not been possible to establish a establish a causal relationship between the genotoxic activity of a metal or metalloid compound and carcinogenesis. There are many reasons why this has not been possible to establish this relationship. These reasons include the lack of appropriate animal models, the lack of techniques that possess the sensitivity and accuracy to demonstrate small by significant changes in cellular metabolism, a lack of knowledge concerning doseresponse effects of metal and metalloid ions in cells and a lack of knowledge concerning the effects of multiple exposures on multiple biological processes.

Keywords

Mismatch Repair Nucleotide Excision Repair Base Excision Repair Thymine Glycol AS52 Cell 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 1999

Authors and Affiliations

  • Maria E. Ariza
    • 1
  • Gautam N. Bijur
    • 2
  • Marshall V. Williams
    • 3
  1. 1.Arizona Cancer CenterUniversity of ArizonaUSA
  2. 2.Behavioral NeurobiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamUK
  3. 3.Department of Medical Microbiology & ImmunologyThe Ohio State UniversityUSA

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