Dietary Lipids, Inflammation, and Colon Cancer

  • Connye N. Kuratko
Part of the Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology book series (AEMB, volume 470)

Abstract

In order to improve our understanding of the process of oncogenesis in the colon and the ability to terminate or control the development and spread of tumors, we must improve our understanding of this tissue’s immune system.1 The immune system is believed to play a key role in tissue defense against tumor formation and growth.2 Without adequate surveillance and destruction of the abnormal cell, tumors may go undetected and grow. However, hyper-immune responses and chronic inflammation may actually serve to promote tumor development in this tissue.3 Optimal immune function must involve a balance between these two extremes. There is accumulating evidence from both human and animal studies indicating that inflammation may contribute to carcinogenesis in the colon.3,4

Keywords

Iron Supplementation Dietary Lipid Beef Tallow MnSOD Activity Typical Western Diet 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. 1.
    Lowell, J., Parnes, H., and Blackburn, G. Dietary immunomodulation: Beneficial effects on oncogenesis and tumor growth. Critical Care Med. 18(2):S145–148, 1990.Google Scholar
  2. 2.
    Maki, P. and Newberne, P. Dietary lipids and immune function. J. Nutr. 122:610–614, 1992.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. 3.
    Meeting Report. Molecular mechanisms for inflammation-promoted pathogenesis of cancer-the sixteenth international symposium of the Sapporo cancer seminar. Cancer Res. 57:3620–3624, 1997.Google Scholar
  4. 4.
    Singh, J., Hamid, R., and Reddy, B. Dietary fat and colon cancer: Modulation of cyclooxygenase-2 by types and amount of dietary fat during the postinitiation stage of colon carcinogenesis. Cancer Res. 57:3465–3470, 1997.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. 5.
    Doll, R. and Peto, R. The causes of cancer: quantitative estimates of avoidable risks of cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 66:1191–1308, 1981.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. 6.
    Reddy, B. and Sugie, S. Effect of different levels of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids on azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis in F344 rats. Cancer Res. 48:6642–6647, 1988.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. 7.
    Willett, W., Stampfer, M., Colditz, G., Rosner, B., and Speizer, F. Relation of meat, fat, and fiber intake to the risk of colon cancer in a prospective study among women. New Engl. J. Med. 323:1664–1672, 1990.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  8. 8.
    Nelson, R. Dietary iron and colorectal cancer risk. Free Rad. Biol. Med. 12:161–168, 1992.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  9. 9.
    Nelson, R., Davis, F., Sutter, W., Sobin, L., Kikendall, J., and Bowen, P. Body iron stores and risk of colonic neoplasia. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 86:455–460, 1994.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  10. 10.
    Wurzelmann, J., Silver, A., Schreinemachers, D., Sandier, R., and Everson, R. Iron intake and the risk of colorectal cancer. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 5:503–507, 1996.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. 11.
    Bird, C., Witte, J., Swendseid, M., Shikany, J., Hunt, I., Frankl, H., Lee, R., Longnecker, M., and Haile, R. Plasma ferritin, iron intake, and the risk of colorectal polyps, Am. J. Epidemiol. 144:34–41, 1996.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. 12.
    Miller, B.A., Ries, L.A., Hankey B.F., Kosary, C.L., and Edwards, B.K. (eds). Cancer Statistics Review: 1973-1989, p. VI.1, National Cancer Institute, NIH Pub. No. 92-2789, 1992.Google Scholar
  13. 13.
    Wargovich, M. and. Mastromarino, A. Dietary factors in the etiology and prevention of colon cancer. The Ca Bulletin 46:303–308, 1994.Google Scholar
  14. 14.
    World Cancer Research Fund and American Institute for Cancer Research. Food, Nutrition and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective, American Institute for Cancer Research, 1997.Google Scholar
  15. 15.
    Kinsella, J. and Lokesh, B. Dietary lipids, eicosanoids, and the immune system. Crit. Care Med. 18(2):S94–113, 1990.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  16. 16.
    Neurath, M. and Buschenfelde, M. Protective and pathogenesis roles of cytokines in inflammatory bowel diseases. J. Invest. Med. 44:516–521, 1996.Google Scholar
  17. 17.
    De Bois, R., Giardiello, F., and Smalley, W. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, eicosanoids, and colorectal cancer prevention. Gastroenterol. Clinics N. America 25:773–791, 1996.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  18. 18.
    Augenlicht, L., Velcich, A., and Heerdt, B. Short-chain fatty acids and molecular and cellular mechanisms of colonic cell differentiation and transformation. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 375:137–148, 1995.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  19. 19.
    McCord, J. Superoxide radical: controversies, contradictions, and paradoxes. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 209:112–117, 1995.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  20. 20.
    Tannahill, C., Stevenot, S., Eaker, E., Sallustio, J., Nick, H., and Valentine, J. Regulation of Superoxide dismutase in primary cultures of rat colonic smooth muscle cells. Am. J. Physiol. 272:G1230–G1235, 1997.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  21. 21.
    Ogle, C., Mao, J., We, J., Ogel, J., and Alexander, J. The 1994 Lindberg award: The production of tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and ptrostaglandin E2 by isolated enterocytes and gut macrophages: Effect of lipopolysaccharide and thermal injury. J. Burn Care Rehab. 15:470–477, 1994.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  22. 22.
    Church, S., Grant, X, Ridnour, L., Oberley, L., Swanson, P., Meltzer, P., and Trent, J. Increased manganese Superoxide dismutase expression suppresses the malignant phenotype of human melanoma cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:3113–3117, 1993.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  23. 23.
    St. Clair, C. and Holland, J. Complementary DNA encoding human colon cancer manganese super-oxide dismutase and the expression of its gene in human cells. Cancer Res. 51:939–943, 1991.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  24. 24.
    Nelson, R. Superoxide dismutase in cultured benign and malignant tumors of the colon. Basic Life Sci. 49:699–702, 1988.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  25. 25.
    Kuratko, C. Increasing dietary lipid and iron content decreases manganese Superoxide dismutase activity in colonic mucosa. Nutr. Cancer 28:36–40, 1997.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  26. 26.
    Kuratko, C. Decrease of manganese superoxide dismutase activity in rats fed high levels of iron during colon carcinogenesis. Food Chem. Toxicol 36:819–824, 1998.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  27. 27.
    Valentine, J. and Nick, H. Acute-phase induction of manganese Superoxide dismutase in intestinal epithelial cell lines. Gastroenterol. 103:905–912, 1992.Google Scholar
  28. 28.
    Kuratko, C. and Constante, B. Linoleic acid and tumor necrosis factor-alpha increase manganese super-oxide dismutase activity in intestinal cells. Cancer Lett. 130:191–196, 1998.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  29. 29.
    Kuratko, C.N. Iron increases manganese Superoxide dismutase activity in tumor necrosis factor-α stimulated IEC-6 cells. Toxicol. Lett. (in press), 1998.Google Scholar
  30. 30.
    Kumagi, Y., Mizukado, S., Nagafune, J., Shinyashiki, M., Homma-Takeda, S., and Shimojo, N. Post-transcriptional elevation of mouse brain MnSOD protein by mercuric chloride. Brain Res. 769:178–182, 1997.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  31. 31.
    Kuratko, C.N., Tsai, S.Y., and Pence, B.C. Effects of dietary fat and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine on microsomal lipid peroxidation. J. Nutr. Biochem. 5:78–83, 1994.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  32. 32.
    Endre, S., Eisenhut, T., and Sinha, B. n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids in the regulation of human cytokine synthesis. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 23:277–281, 1994.Google Scholar
  33. 33.
    Bull, D. and Bookman, M. Isolation and functional characterization of human intestinal mucosal lymphoid cells. J. Clin. Invest. 59:966–974, 1977.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  34. 34.
    Elitsur, Y., Bull, A., and Luk, G. Modulation of human colonic lamina propria lymphocyte proliferation: effect of bile acids and oxidized fatty acids. Dig. Dis. Sci. 35:212–220, 1990.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  35. 35.
    Poussier, P., Edouard, P., Leed, C., Binnie, M., and Julius, M. Thymus-independent development and negative selection of T cells expressing T cell receptor a/b in the intestinal epithelium: evidence for distinct circulation patterns of gut and thymus derived T lymphocytes. J. Exp. Med. 176:187–199, 1992.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  36. 36.
    Doe, W. The intestinal immune system. Gut 30:1679–1685, 1989.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  37. 37.
    Kuratko, C. and Becker, S. Dietary lipids alter fatty acid composition and PGE2 production in colonic lymphocytes. Nutr. Cancer 31:56–61, 1998.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 1999

Authors and Affiliations

  • Connye N. Kuratko
    • 1
  1. 1.Department of PathologyTexas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockUSA

Personalised recommendations